Here we describe the electroless deposition of Cu-Ag alloys in deep eutectic solvents using a variety of electrochemical and surface analysis techniques to determine the mechanism of alloy deposition and composition of deposits. The influence of various conditions on electroless deposition and the morphology of the deposit layers have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive analysis by X-rays (EDX). The electrochemical behaviour of pure copper, pure silver and Cu-Ag alloys was studied at various working electrodes by cyclic voltammetry. The use of (EQCM) electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance is shown to be very dependent upon the concentration of ions in solution. the cathodic current efficiency for the deposition of Cu-Ag alloys is about 99%.
Abubker ebrahim abubker alhaji(12-2018)

Salvia officinalis L. is a Mediterranean species, naturalized in many countries. The composition of essential oil isolated from Salvia officinalis L, wild growing in Libya, was analyzed. In this study, essential oils from fresh and dry leaves of Salvia officinalis L, Libya, were extracted with ethanol, hexane or chloroform as solvents using Soxhlet apparatus and the extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. Each solvent showed differences in the extraction yields between fresh and dry leaves. Physical constants of the extracts were shown variation in color, viscosity, density, PH and percentage of production between fresh and dry leaves for each solvent. GC-MS results showed that ethanol could extract the most compounds compared to hexane and chloroform from both fresh and dry leaves. In total 41, 28 and 31 compounds were identified in the essential oils of fresh and dry leaves of Salvia officinalis L using ethanol, hexane or chloroform respectively. For each solvent the number of compounds extracted from dry leaves was bigger than the number extracted from fresh leaves. arabic 33 English 104
ABUBAKER A BASHIR ATRROG, abdunnaser mohamed mohamed megrahi, Fathia Mousa H Altalhi(4-2018)

عين مستوى الرصاص في 18 عينة من 6 شركات للطلاء الأكثر تداولا في السوق الليبي, حيث تم اختيار ثلاثة ألوان مختلفة من كل شركة, وذلك باستخدام جهاز الامتصاص الذري- تقنية الفرن الجرافيتي- بعد تحضير العينات بواسطة الهضم الرطـب. تبين أنّ تركيز الرصاص الموجود في العينات يتراوح بين 1.0937 - 52.5639ميكرو جرام/ جرام حيث وجد أعلى تركيز للرصاص في عينة الطلاء المأخوذة من شركة باكين (اللون كابتشينو), بينما أقل تركيز كان في عينة الطلاء المأخوذة من شركة أطلس (اللون رصاصي).
أبوبكر ابراهيم أبوبكر الحاجي, ربيع الهادي احمد الغرياني(3-2018)