The latest events in occupied Palestine have the attention of peace-loving communities on the official and non-official global levels. While many countries issued statements in support of Palestine's rights to self-determination, few others announced their pro-Israeli stands regardless of their commitments to the law of human rights. Contradictions between what some countries declare regarding their support to human rights and their policies towards the Palestinian cause. In short, double standard politics mark the policies of many states whenever the Palestine dilemma and Arab issues are concerned, e.g., the United States of America, the UK, and Germany. arabic 13 English 82
Mustafa A. A. Kashiem(6-2021)

Review of the literature reveals that, small states do not play actually sub-regional, regional, and global leadership roles, due to their lack of resources and external restrains. The realists argue that, only big powers are prepared to lead the glob; and therefore, there is no such a place for small and middle-level powers. This study argues that, small and middle-level powers may play a regional and global role when three requirements are met, namely: political position, prestige and its charismatic leadership. Libya, as well as other small and middle level powers, e. g. Qatar and South Africa, are capable to play a regional and global leadership role due to their membership in various sub-regional, regional and global organizations. Furthermore, charismatic leadership and prestige are two other factors enable Libya, as a small country, to demand structural changes to the UN system as well as to conclude a friendship treaty with Italy. In order to examine the realist thesis regarding the limited role of small and middle level powers in global politics, this study was divided into three main sections: theoretical framework; Libyan efforts to reform the global system through the United Nations system; and Libyan success in the process of concluding a friendship treaty with Italy. This study concluded, however, that the realist thesis regarding the limited role of small states in global politics is invalid. arabic 9 English 44
Mustafa A. A. Kashiem(1-2010)

تعتبر مشاركة الليبية في انتخابات 2012 ملحوظة من حيث الكم والكيف. فقد حدد قانون الانتخابات حصة لا تقل عن 15% في عضوية البرلمان وهي نسبة لم تحققها العديد من البلدان العربية. لكن المرأة كناخبة تنحاز أكثر إلي المرشحين الذكور الأمر الذي يحظى باهتمام الباحثين والسياسيين على حد سواء arabic 122 English 4
د. مصطفى عبد الله أبوالقاسم خشيم(1-2012)