Open Educational Resources (OER) is simple but powerful educational materials made freely and legally available on the Internet for anyone to reuse, revise, and redistribute. These materials have the potential to give people everywhere equal access to our collective knowledge and provide many more people around the world with access to quality education by making lectures, books and curricula widely available on the Internet. In this paper a brief history of OER is stated and then Creative Commons Licenses are explained and finally the steps to implement OER in Libya are outlined
wael saleh mohamed abughres, Mohamed Ahmed Ramadan Mgheder, Atia M. Albhbah (7-2017)

الحوكمه الإلكترونية والتعليم الإلكتروني هما جوانب هامة من النقل الإلكتروني للمعلومات على مستويين مختلفين . إذا كانت برامج الحكومة الإلكترونية حيوية لتحسين الخدمات العامة، فإن "التعليم الإلكتروني" هو نعمة لضمان التعليم النوعي في كلمكان . لا يزال كثير من الناس يخلط إذا "الحكومة الإلكترونية" و "التعليم الإلكتروني" هما شيئيان مترادفان . هذه الورقة تحاولكشف النقاب عن هذا الخلط من خلال إبراز بعض الجوانب المتنوعة من كل مفهوم . وعلاوة على ذلك، هذه الورقة تستكشفالتأثير المحتمل للحوكمه الإلكترونية على المجتمع الحديث، وتركز على المزايا الكامنة في التعليم الإلكتروني في البيئةالأكاديمية، ونعالج الجوانب الأساسية للجانبين لنفس العملة . المؤلفون يفترضون أن "الحوكمه الإلكترونية" و "التعليمالإلكتروني" هما مفاهيم ناشئة عن تكنولوجيا المعلومات، الاتصالات الحديثة التي يتم تقديمها وتنفيذها على المستويات الحكوميةوالمؤسسية على التوالي لتعزيز التواصل الكفء والفعال للمعلومات الإلكترونية وذلك لسد الفجوة gap للفجوة الرقمية digital divide في جميع أنحاء العالم .
وائل صالح محمد أبوغريس, هلال هدية المنتصر محمد, (7-2012)

Abstract In wireless communication systems the data rate, capacity, coverage, and spectral efficiency; can be enhanced with multi-carrier transmission and multi-antenna, then the overall wireless communication system performance is greatly enhanced by combining OFDM and MIMO schemes, MIMO helps in increasing the throughput where as OFDM spreading out the frequency selective fading channel over many symbols. In this thesis evaluating performance of the system depends on both link and system levels, where the measure of performance is represented in the throughput, cell radius and the effective signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). It also depends on the employed capacity criterion and it takes into account the impact of adaptive modulation and coding. the worked scenarios start from a link level extending to a system level in 3GPP LTE. To achieve the above a number of tasks followed by observations are carried out. They start by analysis of the equations and a Matlab program is written to calculate the cell edge throughput, cell coverage and DL capacity. After the programs implementation, the multi antenna transmission effect is noted on the arrival throughput when taking into account the modulation technique. When increasing the order of the antenna and the throughput is also increased, but it must be traded off with the probability of error; Coverage has also improved by decreasing the order of the modulation technique. For the system level with different traffic, the overall throughput of the system and the capacity of the network are determined by the number of resource blocks (RBs). These RBs depend on the bit rate of the service and bit rate for each RB. The adopted scenarios in this thesis start from link to system, where the features are represented in a flexible base station and user configurations, channel modeling with path loss, user mobility, also at different transmitter and receiver (MIMO). The approaches are useful in single user and multi-user MIMO, then all of the above can be standardized by metrics: capacity, throughput, spectral efficiency, user QoS etc. Finally thesis conclusion and some future work as an extension of this work are presented.
احمد محمد التانزفتى (2013)