A multi-relay cooperative diversity protocol based on the concept of Generalized Spatial Modulation (GSM) scheme is proposed in this paper, assuming that decode-and-forward relaying protocol is adopted at relays. This scheme is referred to as Distributed Generalized Spatial Modulation (DGSM) with activating more than one relay. The system performance of the proposed diversity protocol in terms of the Symbol Error Rate (SER) is evaluated and compared to the performance of GSM and Distributed Spatial Modulation (DSM) schemes. Simulation results show that DGSM systems with activating more than one relay perform almost the same as DSM systems for the same spectral efficiency. It is also demonstrated that a performance enhancement of about 3 dB is achieved over GSM schemes for the same modulation order, which increases the energy efficiency and the reachability using the proposed model. Therefore, the proposed scheme can be effectively used in various 5G wireless networks.
Taissir Y. Elganimi, Fatima I. Alwerfly, Akram A. Marseet(10-2020)

In this paper, we present an algorithm to generate and distribute Z users in Z virtual zones. In3G networks we have dynamic capacity that depends on the interference levels in the covered areaand the number of active users. This implies that the distance of the mobile user from the basestation is also an important factor because of the signal fading. An algorithm is presented basedon the queuing traffic models for 3G cell written in c++ programming language that distributesusers in different zones assuming that the cell area is virtually divided into Z zones depending onthe number of users (1) (PDF) An algorithm for distributing users in virtual zones in a 3g cellular network. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317949812_An_algorithm_for_distributing_users_in_virtual_zones_in_a_3g_cellular_network [accessed May 17 2022].
w. s. abughres, mikee. woodward(10-2006)

Experimental investigation has been carried out to study the effect og gamma ray radiations on silicon solar cells. The measured experimental data are compared with the theoretical results obtained by computer simulation programs before and after radiation. P-N junction silicon cell samples were used for the study showing degradation behavior for the output power and the short circuit current with less effect on the open circuit voltage as the radiation doses increases. Enhanced series resistance was added to the solar cell model due to deformation of I –V characteristics resulting from gamma ray radiations. Wide spread spectrum of doses were employed to study the effect of the radiation on the crystal deformation and damages on different parameters of solar cells. Study reveals an improvement in the output power and short circuit current due to post annealing effect of gamma ray radiations. The conclusion consist of suggestions to protect the solar cells in space satellites.
W. ABUGHRES, M. EL-MURADI, H. EL-FITOURI(9-1992)