إن موضوع تنمية الأفراد المعاقين ذهنياَ من الموضوعات الهامة التي تعنى بها التربية الحديثة، ولهذا كانت تنمية قدرات الأطفال المتخلفين ذهنياً أمراً لازماً عن طريق مساعدة الآباء والمعلمين على تفهم ظروف الإعاقة وتنمية قدرات المعاقين إلى أقصى قدر مستطاع حتى نبلغ بتربيتهم إمكانية الأطفال والأفراد العاديين، وقد هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على الفروق الفردية في بعض القياسات الجسمية لسباحي الأولمبياد الخاص في إطار المجموعات المتكافئة المتقاربون في زمن الأداء، وقد تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب الدراسة المقارنة، وقد اشتملت العينة على سباحي الأولمبياد الخاص والبالغ عددهم (18)
عبد الخالق محمد السوكني (2010)

يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على الآثار السلبية المصاحبة لحدوث الإعاقة الحركية في أبعادها البدنية والنفسية والاجتماعية، والتعرف على درجة ونوع الإعاقة وأثرها البدني والفسيولوجي، والتعرف على العلاقة بين مستوى العلاج والرعاية الصحية التي حصل عليها، والتعرف على العلاقة بين مستوى التأهيل والرعاية الاجتماعية بعد مرحلة العلاج والتغيرات المصاحبة لحدوث الإعاقة (بدنية ونفسية واجتماعية). حاولت فرضيات البحث الإجابة هل : هناك تغيرات سلبية بدنية ونفسية واجتماعية، توجد علاقة ارتباطيه دالة إحصائية بين درجة ونوع الإعاقة التي تعرض لها الشخص والتغيرات البدنية والفسيولوجية، توجد علاقة ارتباطيه دالة إحصائية بين مستوى العلاج والرعاية الصحية التي حصل عليها عند حدوث الإعاقة والتغيرات المصاحبة البدنية والنفسية والاجتماعية، توجد علاقة ارتباطيه دالة إحصائية بين إعادة التأهيل والرعاية الاجتماعية التي حصل عليها الشخص بعد مرحلة العلاج والتغيرات المصاحبة البدنية والنفسية والاجتماعية. أستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي، تكونت عينة البحث من 160 شخص من فئة الذكور تتراوح أعمارهم من 20 إلى 50 سنة في مدينة طرابلس، وقد استخدمت استمارة الاستبيان لجمع المعلومات بتوزيعها على عينة البحث. أطهرت النتائج أن فئة الشباب الأكثر تعرضاً للإعاقة الحركية، و2011 أكثر السنوات نسبة لحدوث الإعاقة، والأكثر انتشارا هي الشلل النصفي، والأعيرة النارية أعلى نسبة من حيث الأسباب حدوث الإعاقة، توجد علاقة ارتباطيه ذات دلالة إحصائية بين درجة ونوع الإعاقة وتأثيرها البدني والفسيولوجي، مستوى العلاج والرعاية الصحية لم يكن مقبولاً، أغلب أفراد العينة لم يحصلوا على برنامج إعادة تأهيل متكامل بدني ونفسي واجتماعي وتحصلوا على تأهيل حركي، هناك تغيرات حدثت في حياة الأشخاص ذو الإعاقة ليس ضرراً جسدياً وإنما هناك مظاهر أخرى نفسية واجتماعية، توجد علاقة عكسية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين إعادة التأهيل والرعاية الاجتماعية بعد مرحلة العلاج والتغيرات المصاحبة (بدنية . نفسية . اجتماعية). Abstract This research aims to identify the negative effects corresponding to occurrence of movement handicap, social, psychological and physical dimensions, identify handicap type & degree, its physical and physiological influence, identify the relation between Healthcare & Therapy level obtained by handicapped person, identify the relation between social care & Re- Habilitation level after therapy stage and changes corresponding handicap occurrence (physical, Psychological & Social). Research hypnosis attempt to answer the question: ls there any, physical, psychological and social negative effects? there is statistical correlation between handicap type and degree and psychological and physical changes, there is statistical correlation between healthcare and therapy level obtained by handicapped person and social, psychological and physical changes corresponding to occurrence of movement handicap, there is statistical correlation between social care and Re- habilitation obtained by handicapped person, after therapy stage and social , psychological and physical changes corresponding to occurrence of movement handicap. Research used the descriptive methods, research sample consists of 160 male, from 20-50 year age , approximately, in Tripoli cite , questionnaire used to collect data be distributed on research sample. Results revealed that youth category is the most one suffered from movement handicap, the higher level of handicap occurrence in year 2011, the most common type is Hemiplegic, main reason of handicap is gunshot , there is statistical correlation between handicap type and level it`s psychological and physical influence, level of healthcare and therapy is not acceptable, the majority of samples hasn`t obtained integral, social, psychological and physical Re-habilitation programs, but they received movement Re-habilitation, there are changes happened in handicapped life, isn`t body damage only, but also social and psychological damages, there is a reversal relation between Re-habilitation and social care after therapy stage and corresponding social, psychological and physical changes.
أحمد محمد بالحمد سليمان (2013)

Keeping up with technological development and rapid change that has occurred on all aspects of life, made it necessary for educational institutions to take the means of modern education to achieve its objectives &meet this development. The process of preparing the students properly should be based on scientific grounds, & creating the conditions facilities to help the student to use his energy in a meaningful &constructive. The pupils wealth of the country that do not dry up or finish so it became necessary for us attention & focus to this segment of the community &take advantage of those human resources that qualify to participate actively in the process of building & progress of society , to recognize these energies & abilities of pupils and to achieve maximum growth ,it will undoubtedly point starting in the light of which we can develop curriculums & programs besed on scientific grounds and to ensure the well-organized and good use of it to the fullest extent possible Thus, the competitions of the International Federation of Athletics gives children the opportunity to clarify and impress athletics when it is organized in public places such as recreational centers, shopping centers, and areas indoor sports and therefore it can to promote the sport in ways far perception and unconventional, which helps to make a good impression and a new Athletics has a large number of children Studying physical education is an important in achieving comprehensive growth and balanced for the learner im all aspects of physical cognitive, psychological &social as it is through the acquisition of the learner many physical activities . moreover, these match his tastes & desires and their preparations & abilities . athletics is a part of individual sports and fungal task that can be practiced by all individduals on different levels not only to access to the gaza the tournament but for purposes of health leisure hence, the importance of the various activities run and jump, throwing &walking on the basis of scientific and technical because of their positive impact on the growth of individual and poise, The interest in the comprehensive pupils in the stages of Sunni early basic need must be considered and developed, when has the students motor skills and the components of physical good level, that lead to the upgrading of vital organs to be in the best picture, and is a motor learning at this stage is a complex process very difficult need a lot of effort and especially teaching motor skills essential, which makes it necessary to find a way to learn a special can for the learner to focus on more precise skill and understanding of the final form of it, Objective of the study: Identify programmed playing and its impact on some motor skills and physical components of the athletics students of the basic education stage The most important procedures: 1 - has been selected sample of the study the way of simple random students of age group (12-14 years old) from the stage of basic education, the second part (Benin), and the number was (32) students were divided into (two experimental group and control group), the Folk group of each ( 16) pupils have been identified following physical tests to determine the level of the components of physical fitness for members of the study, "Experimental - control" Measurement skills have been identified for pupils after being photographed all the competition was on display experts to determine the level of performance skills through their performance skills evaluation form The most important results - That play is programmed has had a positive impact in improving some of the components of physical and motor skills for each contest of athletics each specific grade level. - The presence of significant differences between pre and post measurement of the experimental group in all variables of the study and for dimensional measurement Conclusions Through the discussion and the interpretation of the results of this study, the following can be concluded: 1-There are concrete differences between the earlier and the later measurement of the experimental group in all the variables of the study. These differences are in favour of the later measurement playing Programmed and the traditional programme improved some of the physical components and the movement skills of the athletics competitions in the physical education lesson. Recommendations Increasing the number of physical education classes in primary schools (stage 1 and stage 2) so that they are 3 to 4 rations in a week. 4-The continuous inspection by specialists and provision of some alternative tools to be used as part of the programmed games as a teaching aid will simulate the nature of the skill that is being learnt and that is outlined in the curriculum. arabic 18 English 117
Mohamed Ali Mohamed Abdalrahim(3-2021)