As little is known about the blood profile of camels in Libya, this article is the first of a 4-part series describing the biochemical and haematological blood profile in Libyan camels. Part 1 of these manuscripts determines the values of enzymes, metabolites, electrolytes and haematological indices in the blood of Libyan camels, parts 2-4 evaluates the effects of breed, gender and age respectively on these values. In this study, blood samples were collected from sixty six camels of three different breeds, different ages and with both sex. The blood of the studied camels showed (i) average values of Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus (Ph), Haemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and White Blood Cell (WBC) counts (ii) low values of Sodium (Na), Iron (Fe), total proteins, albumin, globulin, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), and low serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and amylase (AMS) enzymes and (iii) high values of glucose, urea, Red Blood Cell (RBC) counts, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC). The finding of this study was documented and compared with the findings of similar studies performed elsewhere. arabic 25 English 134
Anwar Mustafa Abdalhadi Abdalmula, Amal Omar Elarif Buker, Fathia mahmoud Mohammad Ashour, Mansur Ennuri Moftah Shmela, , Ismail M Abograra, , Fahima A Alnagar(8-2018)

Formaldehyde is an anxious gas used as a tissue preservative of cadavers in anatomy halls. Therefore, laboratory staff and students are at high risk of different clinical complications due to the continuous exposure to formaldehyde. The present questionnaire-based study evaluates the effects of formaldehyde exposure on veterinary students and staff in the anatomy gross dissection laboratory, University of Tripoli, Libya. A total of 104 students and 6 anatomy staff members completed a questionnaire of 24 questions related to the clinical symptoms observed after formaldehyde exposure and the answers were assessed using a six point (0-5) scale. Students had a high prevalence of nasal itching 78(75%), eyes burning 78(75%), excessive lacrimation 76(73%), eyes redness 60(58%), headache 64(62%) and respiratory distress 61(59%). Smoking and wearing glasses or gloves worsened many symptoms while wearing masks minimized other symptoms and male students were more affected than females. All anatomy staff members (100%) reported nasal itching, burning and congestion, eyes burning and redness, excessive lacrimation, cough and respiratory distress and less than that (83%) suffered from mouth dryness, headache, temporary loss of their ability to recognize the smell of formaldehyde and needed a physician assistance after the exposure to formaldehyde. The repeated exposure to formaldehyde in gross anatomy dissection has harmful effects on both students and staff member and finding alternative preservation methods, such as freezing, would be safer than using the formaldehyde. arabic 12 English 74
Fahima A Alnagar, Mansur Ennuri Moftah Shmela, , Abdulrhman Mohamed Salah Alrtib, , Fathia mahmoud Mohammad Ashour, Amal Omar Elarif Buker, Anwar Mustafa Abdalhadi Abdalmula(10-2015)

تهدف هذه الدراسة للتحقق من تأثير إضافة خميرة الخبز والمضاد الحيوي (اكسي تتراسيكلين) في الأعلاف الملوثة بسم الافلاتوكسين بمعدل 450 ميكروجرام / كجم وذلك على كفاءة أداء الطير معدل هضم العناصر الغذائية كالبروتين ، الدهن ، الألياف والمستخلص الخالي من النيتروجين كذلك شملت الدراسة مدى التأثير على ظهور الأعراض الجانبية للافلاتوكسين من ذلك حجم الكبد، القلب، القلنسوة ، جزء مقطعي من الأمعاء الرفيعة وكذلك حجم كرات الدم المرصوصة ( PCV ) والكيس الزلالي (Borsa). استعملت في هذه الدراسة 400 كتكوت عمر يوم وذلك في تجربتين الأولى 100 كتكوت والثانية 300 كتكوت . قسمت الكتاكيت في كل تجربة إلى خمسة مجموعات (الأولى 5 معاملات في 3 مكررات في 10 كتاكيت) والثانية (5 معاملات في 3 مكررات في 20 كتكوت). الخمسة معاملات عبارة عن معاملة تحكيم هذه المجموعة أعطيت علف تسمين لحم (22% بروتين) أما الأربع المعاملات الأخرى أعطيت الكتاكيت علف تسمين لحم + افلاتوكسين 450 ميكروجرام/كجم ، المجموعة الثانية – علف تسمين لحم + افلاتوكسين + خميرة خبز3 جرام/كجم المجموعة الثالثة- علف تسمين لحم + اكسي تتراسيكلين 100 جرام لكل 1طن من العلف مجموعة رابعة – علف تسمين لحم + خميرة خبز + اكسي تتراسيكلين مجموعة خامسة. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود تضخم في وجود أحجام الكبد نتيجة للتلوث الافلاتوكسينى سواء في المجموعة الثانية والمجموعة الرابعة. انخفضت نسبة حجم كرات الدم المرصوصة PCV وحجم الكيس الزلالي Bursa في وجود الافلاتوكسين بينما ارتفع وتحسن في وجود الخميرة والمضاد الحيوي. انخفض معدل هضم البروتين ، الدهن ، الألياف والمستخلص الخالي من النيتروجين بينما تحسن تحسناً ملحوظاً في وجود المعاملة بالخميرة والتتراسكلين مع بعض. على الرغم من عدم ظهور اختلافات معنوية في أوزان الطيور ولا الاستهلاك الغذائي نتيجة المعاملات إلا أن النتائج أوضحت أن أوزان الطيور انخفضت نتيجة الافلاتوكسين وتحسنت مع المجموعات المعاملة بالخميرة والتتراسيكلين وقد انعكس ذلك على الكفاءة التحويلية الغذائية للطير أيضاً. نتائج الدراسة تؤكد أنه بالإمكان السيطرة والتحكم والتقليل من الأثار المختلفة الناجمة عند تلوث الأعلاف بسم الافلاتوكسين وذلك إذا استعنا بإضافة خميرة الخبز بنسبة 3%. Abstract: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of adding baker yeast (BY), oxytetratracycline (OTC) and both BY + OTC to a control diet containing 450 ug/g of aflatoxin B (C + AF) on performance, digestibility of feed nutrients (protein, fat, fiber and nitrogen free extract), the weights of internal organs (Liver, heart, gizzard, spleen, bursa and small intestine) and on the Packed cell volum to record the alterations of broilers. A total 400 chicks were used in two experiments 100 chicks in the first experiment (5 treatmens X 10 birds X 2 replicates) and 300 in the second one ( 5 treatments X 20 birds X 3 replicates). Chicks were divided into five groups control and four treatments in individual cages and each containing assigned birds. BY, a rich source of protein and vitamin B complex, was mixed into the diets at 3.0 %, as well OTC was mixed into the diet at 100g per 1 ton of feed. Feed consumption, body weight and feed efficiency were recorded weekly. The weight of body organs (liver, heat, spleen, gizzard, bursa and small intestine) were determined at the end of the study. Dead animals were recorded daily. Liver changes were clearly apparent in the C+AF and C+ AF+OTC most of the livers were enlarged. The Packed cell volume (PCV) was decreased in C+AF an increase was observed when BY and OTC was added in the feed. The digestibility of protein, fat, fiber and nitrogen free extract were determined. The digestibility in general was lowered in the C+AF. An improvement in the digestibility was gained in C+ AF+BY, C+ AF+OTC and combination of BY+OTC When compared to the (C+AF) group the weight of bursa, appear to be significantly decreased in the C+AF while the weight was invreased in C+BY+ AF and C+BY+OTC groups. Feed consumption and body weight were not significantly different although it was reduced in group AF. Birds receiving BY + AF, OTC + AF and BY + OTC + AF had a significantly higher body weight than group C+AF. Feed efficiency was better in group C+AF+BY and C+AF+OTC than the others. The findings of this research suggest that BY (3%) can partly counteract some of the toxic effects of AF.
هندة مختار محمد أبوالقاسم (2008)