Abstract This Thesis overviews the methods for calculating the stress intensity factor and employs the stress and displacement methods in the current study. The model used simulates a cracked rectangular plate which is subjected to tensile stress. The Finite element method is used to calculate inplane displacement due to applied loads. As a post processing the stress and stress intensity factor over the plate was calculated. The results show that the singularity exists at the crack tip and the components of stress and approach infinity as the crack tip approach. The comparison of the current study to theoretical and other numerical results shows a good agreement and reliability of the program. The thesis consists of five chapters, the first chapter, presents general over view and historical al review. The second chapter demonstrates the theoretical basis in fracture mechanics. The third chapter involves the numerical solution using F.E.M. The fourth chapter demonstrates a case study and the results and discussion of the obtained results. The fifth chapter concludes the work and gives recommendations.
محمد كامل الشيخ (2009)

Abstract For this study, two identical single-effect of single basin solar stills are designed, fabricated, tested, and evaluated, where one of them is employed alone which is referred to as “passive still”, while the other is coupled to a flat plate solar collector introducing what so called the active still. Both are installed at the same site in Tripoli-Libya and they are oriented due to south. Measurement of various temperatures, solar intensities, humidity, wind speed and distillated water production are taken each hour for several days of August under various operating conditions. Two operational modes are considered; each of the passive and active stills is operating for the whole day. These tests were performed using seawater and water basin different depths. The water production of the active still is reported to be 6.6 L/m2.day which is higher than that of the passive still by 56 per cent approximately. The maximum daily efficiency is calculated to be 24 per cent approximately for the active still system while it is 14 per cent approximately for the passive still. Yet, the still thermal performance seems to have a complex function of geometrical, constructional, and operational conditions, site characteristics and layout details.
صالح أحمد سرابيط (2010)

Abstract Erosion wear is recognized as an engineering problem for slurry handling equipments. It plays an important role in design and operation of slurry transportation systems. The present work reports experimental and theoretical investigations of erosion wear of carbon steel and stainless steel in sandwater mixture. However, carbon steel (AISI-CS1060) and stainless steel (AISI-SS316L). They have been chosen as target materials, and then studied the effect of various parameters that may leads to good understanding to the erosion behavior of ductile materials such as impact angle, particle velocity as well as erosion time on erosion wear. The impingement jet erosion test rig built at our laboratory in order to carry out the experimental results. Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is used as erodent particles after it mixed with water for slurry preparation at various impact angles of 15°, 30°, 60° and 90°, the solid concentration range of (10-30) wt%, for sized ranging between of 800µm to1700µm in the velocity range of 5 m/s to 24 m/s, with periodic time of 10 minutes at room temperature. The data points that collected in this work showed that the experimental values are agreement with the ductile erosion behavior for both materials, also showed that the erosion rate increasing linearly with increases in impact velocity and erosion time, also showed scars were characterized by an elliptical shape at 15° and 30° whereas a nearly circular shape was observed at 60° and 90° due to the horizontal component of velocity at shallow angles has value more than the normal component of velocity whereas in contrast at high angles.
فاضل رزق شحات (2014)