The study deals with the problem of the excessive presence of literally translated expressions (Calques) in Arabic political Media. Although Calque is considered to be a recognized technique in translation, yet it is not a good solution in many cases. After a detailed account of various techniques and procedures presented by pioneering translation theoreticians, with special focus on those who have dealt with the technique of Calaque, the study puts us against the disappointing reality lying behind the political discourse as being a tool of ‘truth manipulation’, and how far this discourse employs certain means to achieve its goals. Based on two separate questionnaires, a number of results and conclusions have been reached. The study concludes that the usage of the Calque techniqueis considered as an inappropriate procedure in some cases, when it will result in some structural and ideologically problematic expressions coming into surface. The study emphasizes, as well, the negative effects of the excessive presence of calques on the target language’s listener /reader, besides the positive ones. On the other hand, it recommends that the translator should resort to other techniques, by which the problematic cases could be avoided. arabic 10 English 58
Thuraya Bashir El-Wifati(12-2004)

This paper aims at identifying aspects of disharmony between semantic and syntactic features that result in meaningless medical translated sentences. A special focus is given to Chomsky’s Transformational Generative Theory (T.G. Grammar) that extrapolates the correlation between deep structure (which determines the semantic features of a sentence) and the surface structure (which determines the syntactic structure of a sentence), putting in consideration the importance of achieving harmony between meaning and structure to produce meaningful and accurate translation of the source text (ST) resulting in an acceptable final product (target Text). The investigation of this study also relies on the concept of ‘Selectional Restrictions’ which suggests that certain sets of verbs stand with agreement with certain sets of subjects/objects that subsequently lead to the production of semantically acceptable sentences. Accordingly, it is imperative to touch upon aspects related to the Componential Analysis Theory where the meaning of a word is expressed with the assistance of (+) and (-) markers. I consider this study to be unique and innovative as it applies such prominent semantic theories, for the first time, with the craft of translation, offering real concrete examples extracted from practical translation tasks performed by students of Translation Dept., Faculty of Languages- University of Tripoli. Worth mentioning, that a piece of a translation is proved to be correct when semantic/syntactic harmony is achieved and where the message of the source text (ST) is being effectively communicated in the target text (TT). On the contrary, any disharmony between deep/surface structures found would seriously undermine the quality and correctness of a translation product. Key Words: Source Text (ST) - Target Text (TT) – Deep Structure – Surface structure - Selectional restrictions arabic 11 English 73
ثريا البشير محمد الويفاتي(12-2020)

This study explores the particularities of teaching English to adult learners. It looks at whether adult learners’ comprehension of lessons is slowed down by factors of teaching style orclassroom settings. The study uses a questionnaire to collect views of adult learners from the Libyan context. The questionnaire that contains 37 statements measures different aspects of teaching English. It was delivered online using Google Forms. Those aspects include teaching style, preferences of correcting mistakes, willingness of cooperation among adult learners, self-dependenceand self-confidenceof learners, and preferred techniques to learninggrammar and vocabulary. This study also offers a remedial method that is inferred from the experience of the researchers and supported by the results of the data. The results show that adult learners have differentperception towards acquiring a foreign language. They agree that they need to better theirlearning input. The suggested remedial process could be an answer to their needs.
Hamza Ethelb(10-2020)