Aims. The aim of this study was to assess the phytochemical screening and antibacterial effect of the aerial parts of G. alypum cultivated in Libya. Methods. The methanolic extract of G. alypum (at concentrations 100 mg/ml, 300 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml and 700 mg/ml) were tested against 13 different strains of standard bacteria (ATCC) by four different methods; paper disc diffusion method, well diffusion method, broth dilution method and finally study the effect of extract on growth curve of bacterial cell were studied. Results. The results of phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, reducing sugars, tannins, saponins, coumarins, steroids, terpenoids, carotenoids, antraquinones and glycosides. While the results of antibacterial tests showed remarkable inhibition of the bacterial growth, with maximum inhibition on growth of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Staphylococcus aureus. Moderate effect on growth of Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Aeromonas hydrophila and Salmonella poona. While, the lowest inhibition showed in Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes. However, the extract did not have any effect on Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Klabsiella pneumonia. Conclusion. The methanolic extract of Globularia alypumaerial parts contain the most important constituents with positive results during phytochemical screening, and have antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Basma Doro, Abdulruzag Auzi, Suad Shanab(5-2021)

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Risk factors include consumption of undercooked meat, raw vegetables, and unfiltered water. Aim: This study aims to screen antibodies titer in toxoplasmosis positive patients in Asabieh city in Libya and to screen risk factors associated with infection in this area. Study design: Data were collected using a cross-sectional design. Study Duration and Location: Data were collected from patients of different ages and gendersattending Ali Omar Ascar hospital, Asabieh, during the period of January 2017 to January 2018. Methodology: A single blood sample was collected from 150 patients and spun at 3000 rpm to obtain serum. The serum samples were analysedto detect anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies using enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA, BioChec) kit according to manufacturer’s instructions. A self-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on farm animal’s contact, the process of vegetables washing, meatcooking, Water resource and raw water consumption. Results: The total seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 78.6%,out of which IgG and IgM were 68%, and 77.4% respectively. Several risk factors were identified, including daily contact with farm animals (82.6% were +ve, P = .0.01), unfiltered water (61.3% were +ve; P = 0.003). Conclusion: asabieh area showed a high prevalence of toxoplasmosis, and many environmental risk factors associated with the infection as animal hosts, human lifestyle were also identified, that could help to reduce the risk of spreading and transmission of infection among the populations in the future.
Basma Doro, Hend Shubar, Asma Ramadan, Badereddin Annajar(8-2019)

تستخدم مطهرات الارضيات ومطهرات الايدي على نطاق واسع في المستشفيات ومرافق الرعاية الصحية الأخرى لمجموعة متنوعة من التطبيقات. ومع ذلك، لا يتم دائما ذكر فعاليتها المضادة للبكتيريا بشكل جيد من قبل المنتجين والمستهلكين حيت يجدون صعوبة في اختيار المنتج المناسب وفقا لاحتياجاتهم. لذلك، كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة تقييم فعالية التضاد البكتيري لمطهرات الارضيات ومطهرات الايدي المختارة من مركز طرابلس الطبي باعتباره أحد اهم المستشفيات الليبية.  أربعة عشر (14) نوعا من مطهرات الارضيات ومطهرات الايدي.(Dex36, Dex50, Dex53, Mzid-S, Mzid-AF, Deson-AF, Dettol, Seem, Chlor and Wipol, HiBi, Esept, Emed and Desman) . تم تقييمها باستخدام أربعة أنواع من التجارب المعملية العيارية وهي: (capacity test, diffusion test, in-use test and suspension test) ضد ستة من السلالات البكتيرية ، ثلاثة من البكتيريا إيجابية الجرام وثلاثة من البكتيريا سالبة الجرام.(Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebscilla pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). هذه السلالات تم عزلها من بيئات مختلفة من اقسام مركز طرابلس الطبي ، وقد تم دراسة حساسيتها لمطهرات الارضيات ومطهرات الايدي بتراكيز مختلفة و فترات تحضين مختلفة ، وأظهرت النتائج أن استخدام التراكيز الموصى بها من مركبات (Dex 50 & 53 and Deson-AF) كان لها تأثير كبير على تثبيط الأنواع البكتيرية التالية:Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa..تشير النتائج الإجمالية ان مركبات (Dex50 & 53, Mzid-S, Mzid-AF, HiBi) عد استخدامها وفق التخفيفات الموصى بها ، كانت الأفضل كمطهرات ضد البكتيريا التالية:Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aemolyticus, staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa إن الاستخدام الجيد والصحيح للمطهرات ضروري لتجنب الإصابة بالأمراض التي قد تنشأ من جراء انتشار مثل هده الميكروبات الممرضة. Abstract Biocides (disinfectants and antiseptics) are used extensively in hospitals and other health care settings for a variety of applications. However, their .ntibacterial effectiveness is not always well stated by the manufacturers and consumers find it difficult to choose the right product according to their .eeds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate practically achieves disinfection efficacy of locally available disinfectants and antiseptics on surfaces and infectious microbiological utilities of Tripoli Medical Center (TMC). Fourteen biocides; Ten disinfectants (Dex36, Dex50, Dex53, Mzid-S, Mzid-AF, Deson, Dettol, Seem, Chlor and Wipol) and four antiseptics (HiBi, Esept, Emed and Desman) were tested at concentrations .commended by manufacturers on surfaces, walls and different utilities that were ontaminated by locally circulating six isolates of .cilluscereus,Staphylococcus haemolyticus, staphylococcus aureus, Klebscilla pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using four standard evaluation test procedures (capacity test, diffusion test, in-use test and suspension test). Results showed the highest average log reduction (7.4) of test bacteria was given by quaternary ammonium based disinfectants; Dex50, Dex53, Deson-AF and Mzid-S. A comparable average log reduction of test bacteria was noted (7.0, 7.2 and 7.3) for Deson-AF, Dex.50 and Dex.53 respectively. In contrast HiBi as an alcoholic based antiseptic gave the highest average log reduction (7.2) gainst tested bacteria. Desman, Emed and Wipol antiseptics had poor antibacterial activity on tested bacteria causing almost undetectable log reduction in cell viability. From contamination point of view, five critical departments in Tripoli Medical Centre (TMC) namely; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Surgical ICU, Dermatology, Oncology, and Urology departments were found contaminated with six types of bacteria. Bacillus cereuses followed by lebscilla pneumonia were the most bacteria spread in whole five mentioned departments, particularly in dermatology department. Staphylococcus haemolyticus was next most widespread bacterium and almost isolated qually from the five medical departments. Acinetobacter baumannii had been isolated from Neonatal ICU; whereas Staphylococcus aureus and seudomonas aeruginosa had been isolated from Oncology Department and Surgical ICU respectively. In addition, Dex36, Chlor, Chlor, Wipol, Desman and E-med exhibited bacterial contaminationin both capacity and in-use ests.
آمال منصور إبراهيم (2016)