Vibrio vulnificus, a zoonotic bacterial pathogen was isolated for the first time from kidneys of black scorpionfish Scorpaena porcus collected from the south Mediterranean basin (western coast of Tripoli, Libya) during the early summer of 2013. Fish exhibited typical signs of Vibriosis with furuncle like lesions, skin hemorrhages, fin rot and congested spleen. The abdominal cavity, liver, intestinal wall, and gonads were suffering from mild larval nematode infection. Interestingly, a huge portion of the kidney tissue was replaced with the anisakids nematode Anisakis pegreffi. This is considered the first report ofV. vulnificus / A. pegreffi in the Mediterranean black scorpionfish. The identities of the retrieved V. vulnificus isolates were confirmed using morpho-chemical and molecular tools. The research lead us to conclude that the deteriorated nature of the sewage polluted seawater at the western coast of Tripoli could have played a detrimental role in facilitating the invasion with the two diverse etiological agents (V. vulnificus and A.pegreffi) . We also hypothesize that V. vulnificus was lodged within nematode worms or at one of its life stages before invading fish intestine with consequent spread into other internal organs during its visceral larval migration stage.
Abdulwahab Kammon(5-2015)

The effect of low and high doses of Salmonella enteritidis PT4 (SE) on immunocompetent cells in caecum and spleen of one-day-old chicks was investigated. Subsets of T lymphocytes positive for CD3, CD4, CD8 and B lymphocytes (Bu1b-positive cells) were counted in the caecum after immunohistochemical staining and the relative percentage of these cells in the spleen was analysed using a FACScan cytometer on days 7, 10, 14, 21, and 27 post-inoculation (pi). In the low dose group, the number of CD3+ and CD4+ cells in the caecum had significantly increased at day 10 pi. Both CD8+ and Bu1b+ cells were significantly higher on day 14 pi in this group. In the high-dose group, the number of CD4+ cells had significantly increased at day 7 pi. CD3+, CD8+, and Bu1b+ cells showed prolonged proliferation at days 7 up to 21 pi. Splenic lymphocytes demonstrated significant changes only in the high dose group. The percentage of splenic CD4+ cells was decreased at day 7 pi. A decrease in CD3+ and CD8+ cells was found at day 14 pi in this group.
Abdulatif Asheg(11-2002)

الإلقاء المستمر لمياه الصرف الصحى في المنطقة الساحلية للبحر المتوسط بمدينة طرابلس و التى تمتد من تاجوراء الى جنزور قد ادى الى حوث تأثيرات سلبية مستمرة على كل من الأحياء المائية و المستهلك بصورة اصبحت ظاهر في تلك المنطقة الساحلية. لقد عرف التلوث الكيميائي المرتبط بتركيبة الصرف الصحى بتأثيره الشديد على جهاز المناعة في الاسماك مما يؤدى الى زيادة في قباليتها للإصابة بالبكتيريا المرضية. في الدراسة الحالية تم عزل أربعة عترات من الميكروب السبحى "ستربتوكوكس" من أسماك المرجان العادى التى تم تجميعها من المنطقة الساحلية لشاطئ طرابلس في المنطقة الممتدة من تاجوراء الى جنزور. توضح النتائج ان ميكروب ستربتوكوكس ايناى (Streptococcus iniae) كان الأكثر شيوعا فى فصلى الصيف و الربيع يليهم على الترتيب ميكروب ستربتوكوكس ديسجلاكتيا (Streptococcus dysgalactiae) أما ميكروب ستربتوكوس فوكى (Streptococcus phocae) فقد كان الأكثر شيوعا في موسم الشتاء. Abstract: The continuous dumping of municipal sewage into the coastal zone of the Mediterranean Sea has been reported to have greater negative impacts on both aquatic animals as well as human consumer. The chemical pollutants in the sewage composites would have deleterious damaging effects on the fish immune system with consequent vulnerability to bacterial invasions. In the current study, four Streptococcal bacterial species were successfully isolated from the Common Pandora fish (Pagellus erythrinus) collected from the coastal zone of Tripoli through the area from Tajourah to Janzour localities. Strept iniae was the most prevalent Streptococci in examined fish during summer and spring seasons followed by Strept dysgalactiae then Enterococus fecalis. Streptococcus phocae was the most prevalently isolated Streptococci from examined fish during the winter season, while Enterococcus fecalis was recorded to be the second on the list.
طارق دخيل حسن (2015)