Department of Soil and Sand

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Who works at the Department of Soil and Sand

Department of Soil and Sand has more than 26 academic staff members

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Dr. Hamdi Abdalkhaliq Ali zurqani

Dr. Hamdi A. Zurqani is one of the faculty members at the Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya. Dr. Zurqani is a recognized expert as a result of his internationally acclaimed work in the areas of Environmental Information Science, Remote Sensing, Land Evaluation, Sustainability, Pedology, and Soil Science Education. He has conducted research across the world, including the United States of America, and Africa. Dr. Zurqani is a distinguished soil scientist with a wide range of scientific and working experiences in Libya and abroad. He received his M.Sc. (2010) from the University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya, and Ph.D. (2019) from Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA. His major research and teaching activities at the University of Tripoli have focused mainly on Soil Genesis and Classification and the Environmental Information Sciences (Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System). He has published broadly in many journals (e.g., Nature “Scientific Reports”, Geoderma; International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation; Journal of Geological Sciences; Land; Frontiers in Environmental Science; Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis; and others). Dr. Zurqani is a member of the Editorial Board for Remote Sensing (MDPI) Journal, counseling outcome and research evaluation. He also was appointed to serve as a Guest Editor for the Special Issue "Applications of Remote Sensing in Earth Observation and Geo-Information Science". In addition, Dr. Zurqani conducted peer-review for many journals including Journal of Environmental Informatics, Applied Sciences, SN Applied Sciences, Remote Sensing, Heliyon, Geosciences, Land, Water, Agronomy, Agriculture, Sustainability, Arid Land Research and Management, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Natural Hazards, and Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences. He is also one of the authors of the lab manual entitled “GIS Exercises for Natural Resource Management”. Dr. Zurqani has been the recipient of numerous awards and honors: Recipient of Douglas R. Phillips Award for Graduate Students, Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, April 12, 2019; the First Place Best Judged Poster (CAFLS) at the GRADS 2019: Clemson Student Research Forum on April 4, 2019; the Second Place Poster at the 11th Clemson Biological Sciences Annual Student Symposium, April 6, 2019; the Second Place Best Judged Poster at the Clemson Student Research Forum on April 4, 2018; and the Third Place Poster at the 9th Clemson Biological Sciences Annual Student Symposium, February 25, 2017. Dr. Zurqani conducts cutting-edge research in the field of environmental information science, remote sensing, land use management/planning, change detection of landscape degradation, and geographic information system (GIS) models. He has focused on his research efforts on the development of new technologies in the field of environmental information sciences, geo-intelligence (advanced geo-information science and earth observation, machine and deep learning, and big data analytics), remote sensing, land evaluation, pedology, land use management/ planning, monitoring and evaluating sustainable land management, change detection of landscape degradation, and geographic information system models.

Publications

Some of publications in Department of Soil and Sand

تقدير الاحتياجات المائية المحصولية الكلية لبعض المحاصيل الزراعية بمنطقة طرابلس بمعايرة طرق تقدير البخر-نتح الشائعة

ندرة الموارد المائية في ليبيا تتطلب التركيز على جانب إدارة الطلب على المياه، ويعتبر المجال الزراعي المستخدم الأكبر للمياه، وهذا يدعو إلى ضرورة اتباع الطرق المثلى لاستغلال المياه في المجال الزراعي استغلالا اقتصاديا مجديا، ويعتبر تقدير الاحتياجات المائية بصورة دقيقة من أهم الخطوات التي تساعد في التخطيط الزراعي من أجل أمن غذائي يضمن استدامة تنمية الموارد المائية.هذا البحث بني على نتائج تجربة تقدير الاحتياجات المائية للصفصفة بطريقة الموازنة المائية للحقل التي أجريت في منتصف الثمانينات بغية معايرة طرق تقدير البخر نتح الإرصادية الشائعة الاستخدام في ليبيا وهي طرق بلاني-كريدل، الإشعاعية، بنمان المعدلة المنشورة في ورقة الري والصرف رقم 24 الصادرة عن منظمة الأغذية والزراعة بالأمم المتحدة FAO وكذلك طريقة بنمان-مونتيث المنشورة في ورقة الري والصرف رقم 56 الصادرة أيضا عن FAO وتمت مقارنة نتائج تقدير البخر نتح بهذه الطرق مع نتائج قياس البخر نتح بطريقة الموازنة المائية للحقل، حيث أظهرت المقارنة أن طريقة بنمان المعدلة هي الأقرب في نتائجها لنتائج طريقة البخر نتح بطريقة الموازنة المائية للحقل، وكان متوسط نسبة الفرق بين البخر نتح التراكمي المقدر بالطرق الإرصادية بلاني-كريدل، والإشعاعية، وبنمان المعدلة، وبنمان-مونتيث، مع البخر نتح التراكمي المقاس بطريقة الموازنة المائية للحقل 20.7%، 8.9%، 4.5%، 21.4% بالترتيب. وتم اختيار طريقتي بنمان المعدلة وبنمان-مونتيث لمعايرتهما، باعتبار أن الأولى أدق تقديرا للبخر نتح، والثانية الأسهل استخداما لدى مهندسي الري والعاملين بالمشاريع الزراعية المروية. وتمت المعايرة بطريقتين الأولى باستخدام نسب تصحيح ثابتة لكل شهر بناء على ما تم التوصل إليه في مقارنة النتائج، والثانية بطريقة المعايرة الإحصائية باستخدام معادلة منحنى متعدد الحدود، وتتميز الطريقة الأولى بإمكانية استخدامها في تقدير البخر نتح لفترات قصيرة تقل عن السنة، والثانية لتقدير البخر نتح التراكمي لسنة كاملة ومنها يحسب معدل البخر نتح اليومي لكل شهر، وقد تم حساب وتقدير احتياجات الري الكلية لبعض الأشجار المثمرة والمحاصيل الشائعة بمنطقة الدراسة باستخدام طريقة بنمان-مونتيث المعايرة بعد تقدير كفاءة الري واحتياجات الغسيل. Abstract The looming water scarcity facing Libya necessitates the immediate adoption of effective water saving measures of demand water management. Since irrigated agriculture, which consumes more than 80% of the national water resources budget, is the major water user, it offers the largest demand for interventions that realize such objectives and astablish some acceptable level of food security and development sustainability.One of such measures is the accurate estimation of crop water requirements that minimize waste and rationalize irrigation scheduling for maximum crop water productivity.This study is based on the results of field measurements by the water balance method of the actual crop water requirement of alfalfa grown for two consecutive years during the early 1980’s in the experimental farm of the college of agriculture in Alfateh university, Tripoli, Libya. These resultswere applied to calibrate four of the most commonly used methods of estimating evapotranspiration and crop water requirement as presented in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Papers No. 24 and 56. They include the methods of Blaney-Criddle, Radiation, modified Penman and Penman-Monteith.Comparison of the calculated values by these methods with the actual field measurements of the water balance method indicated deviations of 20.7%, 8.9%, 4.5% and 21.4% respectively.Two calibration approaches are used for both the modified Penman and the Penman-Monteith methods, as the first gave the closest results to the actual field measurments and easier to use by irrigation engineers and planners, and the second has been widely popularised in crop production and irrigation water management models. The first calibration approach used a fixed monthly rate corrected for the percent deviation from the actual for each method, while the second approach used a statistical polynomial function adjusted for the estimated deviations from the measured values. Thus, the first approach can be used for estimating ET values for short to medium time intervals (less than one year), and the second approach can be used to estimate the cumulative annual ET as well as the daily ET within each month.
سليمان موسى عيسى عبود (2009)
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The Business Side of Ecosystem Services of Soil Systems

Current applications of the Ecosystems Services (ES) framework to soils are narrowly defined (e.g., soil-based, pedosphere-based, etc.), and focus on soil properties while treating soil as a closed system. Because soil is an open system, it receives and loses matter across its boundaries within Earth’s spheres (atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, ecosphere, and anthroposphere), which also need to be accounted for in economic analysis. In market economies, the market transforms resources from the Earth’s pedosphere and related spheres into goods and services for societal welfare with non-market institutions mediating human and environmental interactions. These transformations and mediations can result not only in welfare but damages as well. The concept of soil ES and ecosystem disservices (ED) is a human-centered framework, which can be a useful tool in business decision-making. Soil ES (e.g., provisioning, regulation/ maintenance, and cultural) are used to produce goods and services, but the value of these ES and ED are not always accounted for as a part of business decision-making. The objective of this review is to illustrate the monetary valuation of ecosystem services of soil systems (SS) with examples based on the organizational hierarchy of soil systems. The organizational hierarchy of soil systems can be used in economic valuations of soil ES by scale (e.g., world, continent), time (e.g., soil, geologic), qualitative and quantitative degrees of computation (e.g., mental, verbal, descriptive, mathematical, deterministic, stochastic), and degree of complexity (e.g., mechanistic, empirical). Soil survey databases, soil analyses, Soil Data Systems (SDS), and Soil Business Systems (SBS) provide tools and a wide range of quantitative/qualitative data and information to evaluate goods and services for various business applications, but these sources of soil data may be limited in scope due to their static nature. Valuation of soil resources based on soil and non-soil science databases (e.g., National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) databases, etc.) is critically needed to account for these ES/ED as part of business decision-making to provide more sustainable use of soil resources. Since most ecosystems on Earth have been modified by human activity, “soil systems goods and services” (SSGS) may be a more applicable term to describe soil contributions (benefits/damages) to economic activity, compared to a term such as “soil ecosystem goods and services.” arabic 8 English 47
Elena Mikhailova, Christopher Post, Mark Schlautman, Gregory Post, Hamdi Zurqani(7-2020)
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استنباط تركيبة ملائمة لنمو النباتات باستعمال مواد عضوية مختلفة تأثير العمليات الزراعية

تناول هذا البحث أمكانية الاستفادة من مخلفات عضوية تشكل خطورة على البيئة في حال تراكمها دون معالجة و يتلخص بخلط كل من تبن البحر و مخلفات الصرف الصحي الصلبة ومخلفات القمامة غير الناضجة مع التربة بنسب وزنيه مختلفة وصل عددها إلى عشرون وسط وبعد تحضين هذه الأوساط لمدة 90 يوم و بالمحافظة على الرطوبة في حدود 60% من السعة الحقلية طول فترة التحضين مع مراعاة التقليب و التجفيف كل 20 يوم ومن تم زراعتها بشتلات طماطم متجانسة في النمو وتم مراقبة صفات النمو لجميع الأوساط أوضحت الدراسة أن إضافة تبن البحر إلى التربة كان لها الفضل في زيادة نمو النبات كما إن زيادة تبن البحر بكمية كبيرة كان تأثيرها سلبي على نموا لاحتواء تبن البحر على كمية عالية من الأملاح ، كذلك إضافة مخلفات الصرف الصحي الصلبة كان تأثيرها جيد على نمو النبات ، أما النباتات النامية في تربة مضاف إليها مخلفات القمامة كان نموها ضعيف و ظهرت عليها أعراض إصابة بأمراض وفي المعاملات التي تم فيها إضافة مخلفات الصرف الصحي الصلبة وتبن البحر معاً إلي التربة كان النمو جيد وكذلك المعاملات التي تم إضافة تبن البحر و مخلفات القمامة ومخلفات الصرف الصحي معاً إلي التربة كان نمو النباتات جيد ، أما المعاملات التي أضيف إليها مخلفات القمامة مع الصرف الصحي فكان نموا النباتات فيها اقل من المعاملات الأخرى ويرجح السبب في ذلك إلى إن فترة التحضين كانت غير كافية للقضاء على الأحياء الممرضة للنبات وتحتاج هذه المعاملات إلى دراسة أكثر تفصيل لمعرفة أسباب إصابة النباتات النامية فيها. Abstract In this study, four environmental resource materials , namely , soil , sea- weed municipal waste and sewage sludge , were mixed in different ratios and composted for 90 days at room temperature and 60 % of field capacity moisture content and were remixed every 15 – 20 day. After this period, tomatoes transplants were planted in each pot. The results showed that the tomatoes plants grow well in the pots where seaweed or sewage sludge was added to the soil, but not in the pots where municipal waste was added to the soil. In the treatments where sewage sludge and seaweed were added together to the soil, the growth of tomato plants was good. Similar results were obtained when all senile components were mixed together with the soil, however, treatment where municipal wastes and sewage sludge were mixed together with soil, the growth was poor, more elaborate study is recommended.
احمد عيسى سالم الطمزيني (2009)
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