Abstract Recently more than 150 million tonnes of plastics were produced in the world. On the one hand, the consumption and production of polymers are increasing, on the other hand as landfill and incineration become more expensive and less accepted .The increasing amount of polymer wastes from them generates further mainly environmental problems. The recycling of plastic wastes is gaining increasing importance. Pyrolysis is one promising method for the treatment of mixed and contaminated plastic wastes. In this way the plastic wastes are converted into fuels or other valuable feedstock for the petrochemical industry. In present work catalytic cracking of waste plastics blend with HGO [Libyan gas oil supplied by the Zawia Oil Refinery Company boils in the range of 275-375Cº] was investigated using H-ZSM5and H-BETA. Reaction systems that were studied included high density polyethylene HDPE and polypropylene blend with HGO, reactions were carried out in one litre micro autoclave reactor under different conditions of weight, temperature and type of catalyst, The optimum conditions were 2.5% catalyst by weight of total feed stock, one hour, atmospheric presser and three temperatures selected 400Cº, 425Cº and 450Cº. The product distribution for the system [plastics and HGO] provided some good results high yield of liquid [gasoline] up to 210Cº, gases and small amount of heavy oils. Some analysis was used to qualify and quantify the product. The results from GC.MS analysis showed that the yield of gasoline (c5-c12) over H-ZSM5 higher than H-BETA. In case of 5%PP, 15%HDPE and 80%HGO over H-ZSM5 at 450Cº, 96% total conversion achieved. The result from TGA in the same case is 15% by weight. Also the theoretical calculations to quantify the produced gases after burring of waste plastic in rotary kiln reactor have been evaluated. it is found that the suitable ratio of CO:H2 to produce methanol is 7:1
بسمة محمود التونسي (2010)

Abstract 1. The experimental viscosities densities measured with Anton Paar SVM 3000 equipment, and refractive indices measured with Refractive Meter equipment, corresponding values of excess molar volumes (VE ), deviations in viscosity (Δμ), deviations in refractive index (ΔnD), excess Gibbs energy (GE), and excess molar enthalpy (HE), for binary, ternary and fourth mixtures of alcohol, ether, and n-alkanes. 2.Used for the calibration experimental from paper [7] were the mixture for the binary system (tert butyl alcohol + ethanol ), we had good result and ADD% for densities, viscosities and refractive indices were 0.1657 %, 0.4846 %, and 0.033545 % respectively. 3.Data of binary mixture were fitted to a Redlich-Kister's The choice of the proper number of coefficients (p), was based on the standard deviations, and the F-test as criterion of goodness with an error lower that 1% see. 4.Data of ternary and fourth mixture were correlated by Cibulka equation were determined with the optimization algorithm similar to that for the binary parameters the σ values was less than 0.05%. 5.The experimental viscosities densities and refractive indices were positive and decrease with increase temperature for all tables for binary ternary and fourth mixtures. 6.Excess molar volumes (VE), was negative value for all binary system, Deviations in viscosity (∆µ), negative value, but at system (n-hexane + n-heptane), maximum positive and minimum with negative value, Deviations in Refractive Index (ΔnD), was were positive for all binary mixtures, Excess Gibbs Energy was negative for all binary ,but maximum positive and minimum with negative value just at system (n-hexane + n-heptane). 7.Excess properties for ternary mixture negative and positive value. 8.Excess properties for fourth mixture negative value.
سهير المبروك دربال (2009)

Abstract Matrix acidizing is a stimulation method commonly used to remove near wellbore damage and restore original formation permeability. It involves the injection of acid into formations at pressures below the fracture pressure. Acid flows down the well into the reservoir, and then reacts with the rock such that any near wellbore permeability damage created by meling or completion fluids can be removed and apparent permeability increased. A matrix acidizing treatment can be' applied to either a sandstone or a carbonate reservoir. Different acids are used because different minerals are involved in these treatments. Hydrochloric acid (HCI) is usually used in carbonate reservoirs to react with carbonates. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) or mixture of Hydrofluoric acid (HF) with Hydrochloric acid (HCI) is commonly used in sandstone porous media to react with silicates and feldspars in the rock. Since the mechanisms of acid reactions with these two types of rock are different, results of the treatments are different as well. In sandstone matrix acidizing, permeability increase behind the acid front is relatively homogeneous. The flow and reaction of acid in carbonate porous media results in the formation of highly conductive flow channels, commonly referred to as wormholes. In the present work we have studies the first study to test the optimal acid flux theory presented by Wang (1) with several independent sets of experimental data. The model was comparing with field data. The second study we use model presented by McCune and Fogler.(2) This previous studies on mathematical modeling of the chemical reactions between sandstone and mud acid. This model is lumped-parameter model. The lumped-parameter model simplifies the chemistry of the dissolution of sandstone minerals with mud acid. The models are compared with the experimental data at different flow rates.
عبد ربه ادريس بوسدرة (2010)