In this paper, a performance analysis study for VoIP over mobile wireless ad hoc networks (MANET) is carried out using OPNET tool. The AODV, DSR, TORA, OLSR, and GRP routing protocols have been used as candidates to evaluate the impact of routing on quality of service (QoS) of VoIP application over MANET networks. Three different queuing mechanisms (FIFO, PQ, and WFQ) have been used also as nominee of queuing techniques. The VoIP is applied and the QoS is measured in terms of jitter delay, end-to-end packet delay, and wireless LAN media access delay and wireless throughput of 802.11 g technology with 54 Mbps
Azeddien M. Sllame(1-2022)

Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a core networking technology that operates essentially in between Layers 2 and 3 of the OSI model; for this reason, MPLS has been referred to as operating at Layer 2.5. MPLS can overlay existing technologies such as Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) or Frame Relay, or it can operate in an entirely IP native environment; this can allow users to take advantage of existing Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) while making a move towards converging all network traffic, such as data, video and voice, at a pace that users can accommodate and afford. MPLS provides. its users a number of advantageous features such as traffic engineering, network convergence, failure protection, and the ability to guarantee Quality of Service (QoS) over IP. arabic 2 English 27
Mariam Abojela Msaad, Amer R. Zerek , Wesam M. Tohamei(1-2012)

Holoscopic 3D imaging (H3D) technology also known as integral imaging is a true 3D imaging technology. It offers the simplest form that is capable of recording and replaying the true light field 3D scene in the form of a planar intensity distribution, by employing Microlens array. Despite it uses the same characteristics of holographic, it records the 3D information in 2D form and display in full 3D with optical component, without the need of coherent light source and confine dark fine. In addition, it facilitates postproduction processing such as refocusing. This makes it more practical approach for real-time 3D image capture and display. In this paper, a new method of extract 3D integral images data from raster maps. The R2V is an advanced raster to vector conversion software system is mainly used in order to generate geographical 3D integral images. Experimental results are extremely satisfactory and for the first time it is proved that, Geographic 3D Integral Images is generated. It means that, a new certain approach enables GIS applications of using 3D integral images is now established.
Dr. Mahmoud Geat Eljadid(12-2021)