Abstract The purpose of the study was to investigate the molecular characteristics and genetic relatedness of the first reported cases of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) from the Tripoli Medical Center, Libya. In total, 43 VRE isolates were obtained from various clinical sites throughout the years 2013-2014, including 40 vanA-type and 2 vanB-type vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates and 1 vanC1-type Enterococcus gallinarum. Of the 42 E. faecium, 19 isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing. Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) analysis revealed three sequence clusters (SCs) of clonally related isolates, which were linked to different hospital wards. The first two VRE isolates, isolated early 2013 from patients in the medical intensive care unit, were grouped in SC1 (MLST [ST] 78, vanB) and differed in only 3 of 1423 cgMLST alleles. The SC2 (n = 16, special care baby unit, neonatal intensive care unit, pediatric surgery ward, and oncology ward) and SC3 (n = 1, antenatal ward) were all ST80 vanA-VRE, but the single SC3 isolate differed in 233 alleles compared with SC2. Within SC2, isolates differed in 1-23 alleles. Comparison with a larger database of E. faecium strains indicated that all isolates clustered within the previously defined hospital clade A1. A combination of Resfinder and mlplasmid analysis identified the presence of resistance genes on different plasmid predicted genetic elements among different SCs. In conclusion, this study documents the first isolates causing outbreaks with VRE in the Libyan health care system. Further surveillance efforts using molecular typing methods to monitor spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the Libyan health care system are urgently needed.
Mohamed O. Ahmed, Et Al.(10-2020)

La croissance fœtale est un processus complexe dépendant de facteurs génétiques, environnementaux, nutritionnels et hormonaux d’origine maternelle, placentaire et fœtale. Le système IGF est l’un des systèmes hormonaux les plus importants pour la régulation de la croissance fœtale et placentaire [1]. Le gène IGF-II est régulé par le phénomène d’empreinte parentale et est exprimé seulement à partir de l’allèle paternel dans la majorité des tissus pendant la vie fœtale. Les gènes soumis à empreinte parentale sont régulés de manière spécifique et sont particulièrement vulnérables aux signaux environnementaux et nutritionnels. La dérégulation d’un groupe de gènes de la région 11p15 soumise à empreinte parentale, incluant le gène IGF-II, est responsable de deux pathologies de croissance fœtale (les syndromes de Silver-Russell, OMIM 180860 et de Wiedemann-Beckwith, OMIM 130650) qui ont une présentation phénotypique opposée. Ces deux syndromes représentent d’excellents modèles de pathologies humaines pour l’étude de la régulation de l’empreinte parentale. arabic 9 English 26
- Demars, J , S. Rossignol, Mansur Ennuri Moftah Shmela, I. Netchine, S. Azzi, A. El-Osta, Y. Le Bouc, C. Gicquel(1-2012)

Abstract: This study was carried out to detect different coliforms members with special reference to the occurrence of the pathogenic Escherichia coli existing in raw cow`s milk and some dairy products. 105 samples (35 raw milk, 35 fermented milk, and 35 ricotta cheeses) were randomly collected from different markets in Tripoli-city /Libya. In this study, two methods for coliform counting were used. The first one was the most probable number technique MPN using liquid Lauryl Sulphate Tryptone broth (LST) with a three-tube series and the second method was the plate count method using violet red bile lactose agar VRBA. Also different techniques were used to find comparative results by using the BD phoenix system, the VITEK® 2 Compact system and KB003Hi25™ Enterobacteriaceae Identification Kit methods for coliform counts in raw milk, fermented milk and ricotta chesses. The coliform bacteria were positive in all 35 (100%) samples of both raw milk and fermented milk, while 33 (94.3%) samples out of 35of ricotta cheese by using MPN-technique. Whereas, Coliform bacteria were positive in 25 (71.4%) samples of raw milk, 34 (97.1%) samples of fermented milk and in 22 (62.9%) samples of ricotta cheese by using VRBA-technique. However, the fecal Coliform bacteria were recorded in 30 (85.7%) samples of raw milk, 32 (91.4%) samples of fermented milk and in 24 (68.6%) samples of ricotta by the used MPN-technique. Whereas, fecal Coliform bacteria were detected in 11 (31.4%) samples of raw milk, 19 (54.3%) samples of fermented milk and in only 9 (25.7%) samples of ricotta cheese by the VRBA-technique. Moreover, the most commonly identified important pathogenic bacteria Gram-negative isolated the highest overall incidence rate was for Escherichia coli 117(58.5%) and Klebsiella pneumonia spp pneumonia 47(23.5%) out of 200 randomly selected from 900 isolates. These findings results revealed that a high number of bacteria, which provide an evidence for the lack of milk hygiene either during milking or transporting and storages Statistical analyses revealed significant T-test at level P
خديجة مختار التواتي (2015)