أجريت هذه الدراسة بهدف تقييم فاعلية مستخلص نبات القرضاب علي عملية تقليل حمض البوليك في الدم و بالتالي منع ترسيبه في المفاصل و الكلى و الأطراف. تم إستخدام مستخلص جذور نبات القرضاب كعشبة طبية لعلاج النقس و الروماتيزم و اليرقان، و التهاب الشعب الهوائية، و الحمى، الطفح الجلدي و الجروح و فقا للابحيات و المراجع السابقة. في هذه الرسالة، تم تقسيم عدد خمسة و ستون فأر ابيض (ذكور) بشكل عشوائي إلى ست مجموعات. حيث تم إحداث زيادة حمض البوليك في الفئران باستعمال اوكزانات البوتاسيوم المذابة في مادة الصوديوم كربو كسي ميثايل سيلييلوز بنسبة (0.5%) وتم حقنها في الفئران عن طريق الغشاء البريتولى، ومن بعد ذلك معالجتها بمستخلص النبات عن طريق الفم بجرعة محددة حسب المراجع العلمية السابقة وتم مقارنة النتائج العلاجية باستخدام مستخلص النبات بتلك المتحصل عليها باستخدام أدوية كيميائية "مثل" الوبيورينول" لمعرفة فاعلية مستخلص النبات كمضاد لزيادة حامض البوليك و كانت هناك مجموعة ضابطة دون أخد علاج. تم متابعى آلية العلاج عن طريق سحب عينات الدم و الذبح لفترات مختلفة و قراءة المتغيرات في كل فترة و تم التقييم عن طريق التغيرات البيوكيميائية (قياس و ظائف الكلي، وو ظائف الكبد، و تحديد كمية حمض البوليك في الدم و كذلك تحديد كمية البروتين و الكرياتنين في البول خلال 24 ساعة). هملت التجربة دراسة نسيجية باستخدام المجهر الضوئي لمتابعة التغيرات في الكبد و الكلى في المجموعات المختلفة. أثبتتي تخفيض نسبة حمض البوليك للفئران المست الدراسة نجاح مستخلص نبات القرضاب يعتبر افضل من حيث النتائج المتحصل عليها كيميائيا و نسبيجيا من تلك المتحصل عليها باستخدلم الدواء "الكيميائي التقليديىى الوبيورينول". و أخيرا أشارت نتائجنا إلى أن مستخلص جذور نبات القرضب يعتبر ذو فاعلية للوقاية و العلاج الاثارالسلبية على زيادة حمض البوليك في الدم. Abstract: The present study was carried out to investigate the in vivo hypouricemic activity of butanol extract of the roots of Polygonum equisetiforme against Oxonate -induced hyperuricemia in male albino Wister rats. The roots of this species are used in traditional medicinal system for the treatment of gout, rheumatism, jaundice, bronchitis, fever, skin eruptions and wounds. In this study, sixty five male albino rats were divided randomly into six groups. Intraperitoneal (i.p) administration of Potassium Oxonate (250 mg/kg b.w), an uricase inhibitor was used to induce hyperuricemia and given one hour before administration of the tested compound, for 14 consecutive days in groups 2, 5 and 6. The butanol extract of Polygonum equisetiforme (66.82 mg/kg b.w) was orally administered for 14 consecutive days in groups 3 and 5. Allopurinol (10 mg/kg.b.w) was used as the positive control, and given orally for 14 consecutive days in groups 4 and6. At the end of the study, rats were sacrificed under diethyl ether general anesthesia. Serum level of uric acid, liver and kidney functions were measuredcolorometrically and enzymatically. The results showed that Polygonumequisetiforme extract has a potent hypouricemic activity (group 5). While the hypouricemic action of allopurinol has been shown to be of comparatively lesser activity than that of P. equisetiforme (group 6), Moreover allopurinol showedsome adverse effects such as hepatitis and nephropathy. Histopathological changes of kidney and liver were also correlated with the recorded biochemical results. Finally our results indicated that P. equisetiforme roots extract may be effective for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia.
سميرة أحمد شلايك (2015)

This study was conducted to develop a short-term immersion procedure for masculinisation of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by using 17α-methyltestosterone at 100, 200 or 400 µg l-1 for 3, 6 or 12 h. Fry were immersed two successive times with 3 days interval period. The highest percentage of male Oreochromis niloticus (96±4 %) and the lowest gonado-somatic index of female Oreochromis niloticus (1.89±0.02) were obtained by immersion of fry in 17α-methyltestosterone at the level of 400 µg l -1 for 6 h. However, survival rate of Oreochromis niloticus Fry during hormone treatment period did not differ significantly from survival rate in the control group. Tilapia culture is widespread all over the world. The problem of overpopulation in fish ponds caused by uncontrolled reproduction is a major constraint to the further development of the Tilapia culture industry. This problem could be overcamed by culturing all-male populations of Tilapia. One of the most common techniques for producing all-male populations of Tilapia is androgen-induced-sex-reversal by using androgen-treated feed. However, the immersion of fry is not fully developed for practical usage. Feeding androgen carries some potential disadvantages as in efficiency in masculinisation. Immersion of Tilapia fry in androgen solutions may be an alternative to oral administration of androgen, this technique is well developed in salmonid culture; however it remains largely experimental in Tilapia culture. The objective of this research was to develop short-term immersion procedure for the masculinisation of Nile Tilapia by using 17α-methyltestosterone and evaluating the most proper dose concentration and hormone treatment period.
ABDUSSALAM ABUMHARA(10-2009)

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of livestock affecting animal production and trade throughout Asia and Africa. Understanding FMD virus (FMDV) global movements and evolution can help to reconstruct the disease spread between endemic regions and predict the risks of incursion into FMD-free countries. Global expansion of a single FMDV lineage is rare but can result in severe economic consequences. Using extensive sequence data we have reconstructed the global space-time transmission history of the O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 lineage (which normally circulates in the Indian sub-continent) providing evidence of at least 15 independent escapes during 2013–2017 that have led to outbreaks in North Africa, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, the Far East and the FMD-free islands of Mauritius. We demonstrated that sequence heterogeneity of this emerging FMDV lineage is accommodated within two co-evolving divergent sublineages and that recombination by exchange of capsid-coding sequences can impact upon the reconstructed evolutionary histories. Thus, we recommend that only sequences encoding the outer capsid proteins should be used for broad-scale phylogeographical reconstruction. These data emphasise the importance of the Indian subcontinent as a source of FMDV that can spread across large distances and illustrates the impact of FMDV genome recombination on FMDV molecular epidemiology.
Ibrahim Eldaghayes(10-2018)