Nowadays, the ‘Circular Economy’ (CE) is a modern topic that benefits business, society, and the environment. So far, the application of the CE has been restricted to certain areas that do not include the field of Information System development. From this point of view, the ‘community source’ model can be considered as an area to investigate the practices of the CE in Information System development. The community source model is a new model in software development that is intermediate between two well-known models (closed and open source systems). The practices of the CE found in projects that follow the community source model is then a potential area of scientific interest. A project was launched to comprehensively analyse this phenomenon. This paper presents the results of the preliminary study to initially explore the CE practices in community source projects. During the fieldwork, community source projects in EU countries were surveyed. The preliminary study concluded that practices such as recycling and resource-sharing are those that can arguably be found in these projects. As a term, a new kind of material has emerged, ‘soft material’ along with the typical kinds of material previously identified in the CE, namely biological and technical materials. The paper also briefly discusses the strategy of circular community in dealing with e-waste management. arabic 12 English 71
TAREQ SALAHI ALSAGHEER ALMIGHEERBI(1-2020)

Collaboratively-Developed ERP (CD-ERP) is an intermediate model between two well-known models, namely: closed-and open-source systems. This model is based on the community-source paradigm and ERP packages. It has been proposed for Libyan higher education (LHE) to be governed by a consortium of LHE institutions. To investigate the applicability of this model in LHE, this paper presents an analysis of critical success factor (CSFs) based on both a review of the relevant literature and lessons learnt from similar projects. Using the literature review, the title of the model was proposed on the basis of its fundamental elements. Cases of other projects which follow a similar approach show that communitysource has been adopted by many universities and government bodies worldwide. Also, many of the issues observed in such projects are similar to those that appear in the literature, especially in regards to distributed and collaboratively working environments. arabic 10 English 56
TAREQ SALAHI ALSAGHEER ALMIGHEERBI(1-2021)

This paper comes as a part of an exploratory study with a goal to investigate the applicability of Collaboratively-Developed, Enterprise Resource Planning [ERP](a CD-ERP Approach) within Libyan public universities. The purpose of the research presented was to evaluate the new online system launched recently at the University of Tripoli (UOT) in order to investigate 1) what students expect from such a service, 2) whether or not they are satisfied with the service offered, 3) how important security issues are to the users. To answer these questions, quantitative data was collected using questionnaires based on the instruments of the SERVQUAL model via online questionnaires. Based on our results, students' expectations were higher than their perceptions of the quality of the services (QoS). The results indicate that students are obviously unsatisfied with the services provided by UOT's new online system. W arabic 27 English 135
TAREQ SALAHI ALSAGHEER ALMIGHEERBI(1-2019)