Background: The fat extracted from the nut of the African Shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) is called Shea butter. It has multiple uses at the local level as it is used in cosmetic products and as a cocoa butter substitute in chocolate industries. It has a high nutritious value and is also a valuable product on the local, national, and international markets, making it the ideal candidate to research and invest in. Aim: This study is a comparative experimental study of the possible burn healing effects between imported South African raw Shea butter and samples in a Libyan market. Method: The control samples were brought from South Africa (Benin traditional markets). A total of 18 different samples were collected from different sale centers in Tripoli, including pharmacies, beauty shops, and spices shops, in addition to one sample brought from Poland. Animal experiment on burn healing effect was carried out on nine male Sprague Dawley (350–400 g) rats aged 6–8 weeks old. After shaving the animal’s dorsum hair, a metal cube was used to create a deep second degree burn wound, and the cube was heated to 100°C for 20 seconds. Medication with Shea butter (control, T1, and T2) was initiated daily for one for these groups by the application of a thin film of the Shea butter samples on the burned areas. On days 1, 3, and 7, the rats were anesthetised and a sample from the burned scar tissue and skin adjacent were evaluated using pathological parameters. Results: The histological study indicates that the use of Shea butter T1 as topical treatment induces an immune response, which enhances the form of the presence of a large number of inflammatory cells in the epidermis and dermis layers. The treatment of burned skin with T2 lasted for 72 hours and it showed slightly significant healing in the normal structure of proliferative granulation tissue with accumulation of fibroblasts and inflammatory cells surrounding the sebaceous glands and hair follicles. Small areas of the epidermis which formed few layers were observed and some hair roots were grown. This was well seen in cases of T1 and T2. Shea butter bought as raw might have a bad effect on burned skin. Conclusion: Shea butter bought as raw might have bad effect on burned skin. On the other hand, the sample from Poland had a therapeutic effect, which was because of the additives such as avocado oil, grape seed oil, and others. arabic 18 English 101
Sakina Salem Mohammed Saadawi, Soad Ali Abdulsalam Treesh, ٍSuhera Mehemed Abdulsalam Aburawi, , , (11-2020)

The present in vivo murine study was aimed to investigate the long-term effect of repeated administration of low-dose of the environmental toxicant trichloroethane (TCE) over three weeks on the spleen and peripheral blood cells, and the possible role of oxidative stress in TCE-induced toxicity. The results showed neither adverse clinical signs nor mortality on the TCE-treated mice. However, significant changes were noticed in the spleen of those animals. Grossly, the spleen of TCE-treated group was congested and enlarged (splenomegaly). Histpathologically, the splenic tissues of TCE-treated mice showed signs of toxicity as highly activated germinal centers of the white pulp with minimal apoptotic reaction as well as a prominent megakarocytosis and infiltration of the red pulp by comparatively increased number of eosinophiIs and mature lymphocytes were detected. In addition, lymphocyte numbers were decreased in peripheral blood as well as basophils. In contrast, there was an increase in monocyte numbers in the peripheral circulation. In addition, lipid peroxidation/ malondialdehyde formation, a biomarker of oxidative stress, was significantly induced by TCE treatment in the sera and spleen of mice, suggesting an overall increase in oxidative stress. These results provide further support to a role of oxidative stress in TCE-induced cell death, which could result in an impaired spleen function. This study concludes that attenuation of TCE-induced splenic damage in mice provides an approach for preventive and/or therapeutic strategies
Massaud S. Maamar, Mohamed A. Al-Griw, Rabia O. Al-Ghazeer, Seham A. Al-Azreg, Naser M. Salama, Emad M. Bennour(3-2016)

تهدف هذه الورقة إلى التعرف على إدارة الجودة الشاملة، وتأثيرها في تحسين أداء مؤسسات التعليم العالي الليبي والعالم العربي، وبيان الانعكاسات الايجابية في الأداء نتيجة لتطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة المتمثلة في (التحسين المستمر، واعتماد الإدارة على المعلومات عند اتخاذ القارارت، ودعم الإدارة العليا لتطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة، وتركيز الجهود على تلبية حاجات ورغبات الزبائن). إذ توضح هذه الورقة أن إدارة الجودة الشاملة هي أسلوب إداري حديث متميز، ويتطلب من جميع الباحثين في المؤسسات التعليمية في ليبيا، رفع مستوي المنتج التعليمي من خرجين، وبحوث ودارسات، بما يتناسب مع متطلبات مجتمعاتها كما تهدف هذه الورقة لتوضيح مدى تحقيق جودة التعليم حيث ا عتمد ، العالي في المؤسسات التعليمية العربية والليبية من خلال منهج نظري وصفي يستعرض في هذه الورقة الباحثين في هذه الورقة على الأدبيات، والدارسات السابقة المتعلقة بهذا الموضوع، مفهوم إدارة الجودة الشاملة في التعليم العالي، ومميازته، ومتطلباته، ومعوقاته، والتحديات التي تواجه التعليم العالي في العالم العربي بما فيهم دولة ليبيا بالتحديد. كما تتجلي أهمية الدارسة من خلال تناولها لموضوع يتسم بالحداثة ويعد تطبيق المبادئ والأساليب الحديثة على مؤسسات التعليم العالي الليبي في غاية الأهمية، وذلك من أجل الارتقاء بها إلى معدلات عالية من الأداء والجودة ورفع كفاءة الخدمات المقدمة للطلبة والعاملين والباحثين وأعضاء هيئة التدريس. من خلال هذه الدارسة التي قام بها الباحثين تم استخلاص نتيجة مفادها ان تطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة يساهم في تعزيز القدارت التنافسية للمؤسسات وبالدرجة التي تمكنها من تحقيق أداء متميز لمواجهة حدة المنافسة التي يتميز بها عصرنا الحالي. وقد توصل الباحثين في هذه الورقة من خلال الدارسات السابقة لاقتارح عدد من التوصيات من أهمها: نشر ثقافة الجودة، الاهتمام بدعم البحث العلمي، دعم الإدارة العليا لتطبيق معايير وا جارءات اعتماد مؤسسات التعليم العالي الليبي الصادرة من المركز الوطني لضمان الجودة.
محمد عبدالسلام محمد القريو , , (12-2018)