Abstract The conflict that took place in Libya in 2011, up to the present moment, has greatly affected the electrical power network and resulted in the rise of the voltage instability problem. This was due to loss of the some major transmission lines and certain generation units. Owing to the fact that the southern region of the Libyan network has no generation units, voltage drop phenomena has become a common problem as a result of the long transmission distance, which is approximately 750km. A proposed solution in order to solve this problem is via the utilization of small mobile generation units at the network weak points. This thesis revolves around discussing the voltage instability problem within the Libyan Network and how it can be enhanced when small and mobile generation units are connected to the network weak points. It will also establish and identify where the most weakened buses and regions are so that the mobile units should be connected for the attainment of optimized solution. Moreover, this solution was proposed as it can solve not only the voltage instability problem, but it will also solve the inadequacy in generation issue by circulating additional power within the network. Hence, reduce the load shedding phenomena. Furthermore, the thesis also includes future recommendations to improve and enhance the Libyan network by the addition of new 220kV and 400kV transmission lines that will enable the network to cope with the load growth in the future
ربيع محمد عمر (2014)

Abstract The success of projects are depends on the people involve and how they tackle the design of the projects for specific needs, planning of activities, budget cost and execution to achieve the ultimate goal. Each phase of the project contributes an important task and this will reflect on how good the project management handled by the team.Project management means managing all the relevant activities of the project within the given constraints of time and cost, however , to complete specified project as per schedule and within the allocated budget, an accurate planning and optimization of all available resources will be required to complete all the tasks.During the projects, changes can occur even though the original scope may have been carefully planned. These changes might occur at any times and in ways that are unexpected.Changes during project execution can significantly affect not only time schedule but may affect also the economical aspect of the project. This phenomenon can be considered as normal and experienced world wide especially in the third world countries wherein lack of technical knowledge and resources are major problems.This study concerns the majority of the managerial changes occurred during the project execution step and the role of the organization in handling such changes as competitive and finding solutions in order to manage the project effectively.Many oil companies in Libya were facing numerous problems in the delay of project implementation, poor quality management, planning and poor performance which deviate from the required project objectives. Changes that occur later in the implementation cause serious problems in delaying the project schedule and increasing costs, effectively are reducing the benefits of the project.By Appling the questionnaire that consists of 30 specific questions which have been distributed to 13 Companies under umbrella of National Oil Corporation (N.O.C). Eight out of thirteen companies were responded.The analysis of the data collected from submitted questionnaire has been analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2000. That allows simple setting and manipulation of the data collected.Statistical data and interviews on the respondent companies indicate the following items: Full dependency on the external contractors to fully execute the project implementation that leads to high cost of contracts (EPC contracts).Poor supervision leading to significant delay of the implementation of the project. (Specifically of E P contracts).The Project Implementation profile (PIP technique) has been used on this study to evaluate one of the project which had delay and some other related problems selected random as case study. The analysis covered all the factors for project implementation. Technical factor.Managerial factors.Controlling factors. In order to improve the project management for oil & gas companies listed in this research and to overcome such problems. This study recommends a good communication and coordination system connecting all local petroleum companies and providing data exchange which enables to minimize time, cost personnel and learn from mistakes.
زينب مختار المصري (2007)

تتسم المروحة الهوائية من النوع المعروف بإسم Darrieus بمميزات من بينها البساطة في تصميم الدوار و موقع المُولِّد فضلا عن البساطة في تصميم أي منظومة تحكم تحتاجها. و حيث أن الدوار يعتبر المسؤول الرئيس على إستخلاص طاقة الحركة الكامنة في الريح، عليه فإنه من المنتظر بكل تأكيد أن يكون لخصائص الشكل الهندسي لهذا الدوار أثر ملحوظ على أدائه و بالتالي على أداء المروحة بوجه عام. وقد تم في إطار هذه الرسالة دراسة تأثير خصائص الشكل التالية: عدد ريش الدوار، نسبة وتر الريشة إلى نصف قطر الدوار، نسبة الصلادة، و نسبة إرتفاع الدوار إلى قطره. كما تم أيضا دراسة تأثير قيمة رقم رينولدز على أداء الدوار. أسِّست الدراسة على إستخدام نموذج رياضي يدعى "Multiple Streamtube" و مقطع ريشة من نوع "NACA0012" كما أعدت النتائج النهائية في هيئة مخططات بيانية توضح كلا من معامل العزم و معامل القدرة كدالة فيما يسمى بالسرعة الطرفية النسبية. Abstract Darrieus wind turbines offer a number of advantages such as simplicity of design of structure, generator, and any control system. With the rotor being the direct means of extracting kinetic energy from the wind, its particular geometry must undoubtedly have a great effect on the overall performance of the turbine. The rotor geometrical parameters investigated in this study were: number of blades, chord to radius ratio, solidity, height to radius ratio. Moreover, the effects of Reynolds number were also included. The analysis was based on the use of a multi streamtube model and NACA0012 rotor-blade profile. Results are presented in the form of power and torque coefficients as functions of tip-speed ratio.
هشام إبراهيم أبوسنوقة (2010)