الحوكمه الإلكترونية والتعليم الإلكتروني هما جوانب هامة من النقل الإلكتروني للمعلومات على مستويين مختلفين . إذا كانت برامج الحكومة الإلكترونية حيوية لتحسين الخدمات العامة، فإن "التعليم الإلكتروني" هو نعمة لضمان التعليم النوعي في كلمكان . لا يزال كثير من الناس يخلط إذا "الحكومة الإلكترونية" و "التعليم الإلكتروني" هما شيئيان مترادفان . هذه الورقة تحاولكشف النقاب عن هذا الخلط من خلال إبراز بعض الجوانب المتنوعة من كل مفهوم . وعلاوة على ذلك، هذه الورقة تستكشفالتأثير المحتمل للحوكمه الإلكترونية على المجتمع الحديث، وتركز على المزايا الكامنة في التعليم الإلكتروني في البيئةالأكاديمية، ونعالج الجوانب الأساسية للجانبين لنفس العملة . المؤلفون يفترضون أن "الحوكمه الإلكترونية" و "التعليمالإلكتروني" هما مفاهيم ناشئة عن تكنولوجيا المعلومات، الاتصالات الحديثة التي يتم تقديمها وتنفيذها على المستويات الحكوميةوالمؤسسية على التوالي لتعزيز التواصل الكفء والفعال للمعلومات الإلكترونية وذلك لسد الفجوة gap للفجوة الرقمية digital divide في جميع أنحاء العالم .
وائل صالح محمد أبوغريس, هلال هدية المنتصر محمد, (7-2012)

Modeling, Specification & Evaluation Language (MOSEL), tool used for the performance and reliability modeling of communication systems, computers, and manufacturing systems, once the system is specified using this language. The modeling language is part of the evaluation environment. Once the system is specified using the language, the evaluation environment takes place by executing the performance analyses of the model, and calculating the steady state probabilities . After this stage, results can be collected in the result file or in graphics mode using the Intermediate Graphical Language (IGL), where the aim of this paper is to give an overview of mosel and to show a real example under windows platform.
wael saleh mohamed abughres, Mohamed Ahmed Ramadan Mgheder, Ahmed B. Abdurrman (8-2017)

Open Educational Resources (OER) is simple but powerful educational materials made freely and legally available on the Internet for anyone to reuse, revise, and redistribute. These materials have the potential to give people everywhere equal access to our collective knowledge and provide many more people around the world with access to quality education by making lectures, books and curricula widely available on the Internet. In this paper a brief history of OER is stated and then Creative Commons Licenses are explained and finally the steps to implement OER in Libya are outlined
wael saleh mohamed abughres, Mohamed Ahmed Ramadan Mgheder, Atia M. Albhbah (7-2017)

AbstractThis paper examines the process of sending an image over wireless mobile Channels with errors while maintaining bandwidth, transmission speed and image quality. With the tremendous development in networks, new wireless channels have been opened that threaten the security of data transmitted through networks and communication channels, and from this emerged Encryption techniques to increase the security of the transmitted data, and since the digital image compression algorithm is a process to reassemble the parts of the image so that it takes less space, but this increases the impact of the error extension in sending compressed digital images and greatly reduces the quality of the received image. This prompts us in this paper to study the performance of HQAM technology for the purpose of transmitting image data over wireless communication channels containing errors. In this paper, image quality performance has been evaluated by the BER, SNR, PSNR, SSIM, and Correlation evaluation criteria. The simulated results show that there is an improvement in the image quality received using the proposed technique.
wael saleh mohamed abughres, , , Ashrf Alzrouk Almagdob1, Ahmed B. Abdurrhman, Ibrahim A.Nasir, (9-2020)

Experimental investigation has been carried out to study the effect og gamma ray radiations on silicon solar cells. The measured experimental data are compared with the theoretical results obtained by computer simulation programs before and after radiation. P-N junction silicon cell samples were used for the study showing degradation behavior for the output power and the short circuit current with less effect on the open circuit voltage as the radiation doses increases. Enhanced series resistance was added to the solar cell model due to deformation of I –V characteristics resulting from gamma ray radiations. Wide spread spectrum of doses were employed to study the effect of the radiation on the crystal deformation and damages on different parameters of solar cells. Study reveals an improvement in the output power and short circuit current due to post annealing effect of gamma ray radiations. The conclusion consist of suggestions to protect the solar cells in space satellites.
W. ABUGHRES, M. EL-MURADI, H. EL-FITOURI(9-1992)

Since Open Education Resources (OER) approved in the early 2000s, it has grown as a major source of free learning materials for higher education; it is available for anyone to reuse, revise and redistribute based on the Creative Commons (CC), ready to give people worldwide equal access to collective knowledge and quality education by making good quality lectures, curricula, and books. In this paper, a brief history of OER is stated, then focused on categories of OER, ending with a discussion of the impact on reducing spending money on books compared to (Open Access) OA and OER
wael saleh mohamed abughres, عطية محمود البحباح, Mohamed A. Mgheder(6-2020)

يمر العالم بمرحلة انتقالية تموج بتحولات جذرية عميقة وشاملة في كافة المجالات، مرحلة تنكسر فيھا القيود وتلغى الحدود وتنفتح الأسواق ، وتشتعل المنافسة، ويتعاظم دور التكنولوجيا الحديثة التي تلعب دوراً رئيسا ً في إحداث ھذه التحولات وأھمھا التحول من الأساليب التقليدية في الإدارة إلى الأساليب الإلكترونية، وبات مصطلح الحكومة الإلكترونية ھو عنصر تميز المؤسسات والهيئات والدول. يسعى هذا البحت إلى إتاحة المحتوى العلمي للإدارة الإلكترونية وذلك من خلال سرد لمحة تاريخية عنها ومميزاتها وسبيل الإستفادة منها بجميع المجالات وخاصة بمجال التعليم والتطرق الي جامعة طرابلس كحالة دراسية.
وائل صالح محمد أبوغريس, عطية محمود البحباح, محمد أحمد مغيدر(6-2022)

In this paper, we present an analytical traffic model for the Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems (UMTS). In 3G networks we have dynamic capacity that depends on the interference levels in the covered area and the number of active users. This implies that the distance of the mobile user from the base station is also an important factor because of the signal fading. The first part of this paper is an algorithm written in c++ programming language that distributes users in different zones assuming that the cell area is virtually divided into Z zones depending on the number of users. The last part of this paper we build a mathematical model of a 3G cell using the above assumption , and to prove, that the product form holds in the case of two cells with uniform and non uniform traffic. By this result more complicated networks can be analyzed, to calculate the performance measures of the network.
wael s. Abughres, Mike E. Woodward(3-2006)

In this paper, we present an analytical traffic model for the Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems (UMTS). In 3G networks we have dynamic capacity that depends on the interference levels in the covered area and the number of active users. This implies that the distance of the mobile user from the base station is also an important factor because of the signal fading. The first part of this paper is an algorithm written in c++ programming language that distributes users in different zones assuming that the cell area is virtually divided into Z zones depending on the number of users. The last part of this paper we build a mathematical model of a 3G cell using the above assumption , and to prove, that the product form holds in the case of two cells with uniform and non uniform traffic. By this result more complicated networks can be analyzed, to calculate the performance measures of the network.
WAEL S. ABUGHRES, MIKE E. WOODWARD(6-2006)

In this paper, we present an algorithm to generate and distribute Z users in Z virtual zones. In3G networks we have dynamic capacity that depends on the interference levels in the covered areaand the number of active users. This implies that the distance of the mobile user from the basestation is also an important factor because of the signal fading. An algorithm is presented basedon the queuing traffic models for 3G cell written in c++ programming language that distributesusers in different zones assuming that the cell area is virtually divided into Z zones depending onthe number of users (1) (PDF) An algorithm for distributing users in virtual zones in a 3g cellular network. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317949812_An_algorithm_for_distributing_users_in_virtual_zones_in_a_3g_cellular_network [accessed May 17 2022].
w. s. abughres, mikee. woodward(10-2006)

In this paper, we present a simulation model for the Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems (UMTS). For validation purposes, we have developed a much more detailed simulation of the system written in C language. The results of a previous mathematical model showed that, the product form holds in the case of two cells, and the objective of this paper is to prove the same result using simulation, and to show that the behavior of the system is similar to that in the previous work done in the mathematical model. Once the product form of Jackson's Theorem is Shown to hold, then it is possible to go to a more advanced stage to analyze the 3G network, and to get the performance measures, which will help in making decisions at the design stage
W. S. Abughres(3-2006)

The introduction of new services with different bandwidth requirements, e.g., data and multimedia, to cellular mobile radio networks makes many of the traditional mechanisms unusable or less efficient. The call admission control and the handover handling are the most sensitive issues to this extension. The performance of all services including the traditional voice and the new services can be dramatically effected if no appropriate schemes are used. In this research work, a new call admission and handover handling schemes for a cellular mobile network that offers two service types: voice and data is proposed. The data connections are assumed to be transmitted at different data rates, which are an integer multiple to that of one traffic channels, which are full speed(Cd1) & reduced peed(Cd2). In order to reduce the handover failure probability of data connections, the data mobile terminals (MT) are assumed to have the capability of transmitting at two different data rates. If the handover request can not be satisfied by the base station of the destination cell due to unavailable free traffic channels, the data mobile terminals tries with a lower data rate. The handover fails if the network is incapable on providing the minimum data rate at which the mobile terminal can transmit. The reduced data connection or data rate can be speeded up to full data rate or full speed as soon as enough bandwidth is available. The effect of different traffic and configuration parameters on the performance of the different models for two cell model with equal input traffic intensity, two cell model with different input traffic intensity, and two cell model with equal input traffic intensity considering the congestion rate for the highway model are studied as the models of this research. These models are built using MOSEL language (Modeling Specification and Evaluation Language). The results of investigating the mentioned models showed the effect of the handover, and speed of data on these different models.
W. ABUGHRES(1-2000)

Mobile terminals allow users to access services while on the move. This unique feature has driven the rapid growth in the mobile network industry, changing it from a new technology into a massive industry within less than two decades. In this thesis, we address admission control problems in a cellular wireless environment. The admission control is responsible for deciding whether an incoming call or connection can be accepted or not, which are based on the available codes . We provide an extensive survey of the existing admission control algorithms. The issues related to and the approaches for designing admission control in third generation(3G) cellular wireless networks are discussed. An admission control method considering the quality of service(QoS) requirements in wireless is presented along with an analytical traffic model for the Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems(UMTS). In 3G networks we have dynamic capacity that depends on the interference levels in the covered area and the number of active users. This implies that the distance of a mobile user from the base station, which is called Node B, is also an important factor because of the signal fading. The first part of this work is an algorithm written in C++ programming language that distributes users in different zones assuming that the cell area is divided into Z virtual zones, where Z depends on the number of users. In the rest of this thesis we present a simulation model for the Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems(UMTS). For validation purposes, we have developed a much more detailed simulation of the system written in C language. The results of the mathematical model showed that, a product form equilibrium distribution holds in the case of two cells. Theses results are used to validate a simulation, and to show that the behaviour of the system is similar to that in the mathematical model. Once the product form of Jackson’s Theorem is known to hold, then it is possible to go to a more advanced stage to analyze the 3G network, and to get the performance measures, which will help in making decisions at the design stage of a network. To be more realistic, we used traffic distributions in the simulator, where a user can generate world wide web sessions(www), file transfer sessions, and Emails. These followed recommendations in the ETSI standard and further demonstrated the feasibility of the model.
Wael Saleh Abughres(7-2008)