Digital Repository for University of Tripoli

The number of deteriorating bridges due to chloride-induced corrosion increases annually as does the cost of inspection, maintenance, repair and where necessary replacement. Meanwhile, budgets made available to bridge owners/managers for repair and maintenance of these bridges are reducing. To optimise and manage their budget spend, bridge owners/mangers need to rely more on rational decision making methods rather than on subjective engineering judgment. In this thesis, the author has developed a probabilistic- based model which aims to predict the lifetime performance of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures exposed to chloride corrosive environment and consequently to optimise their lifetime management.
Omran Kenshel(11-2009)

Estimating the Reliability (Probability of Failure) of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures in marine environments has been of major concern among researchers in recent years. While General (uniform) corrosion affects the reinforcement by causing a uniform loss of its cross-sectional area, Pitting (localized) corrosion concentrates over small areas of the reinforcement. Many studies have focused on the effect of general corrosion, the effect of pitting corrosion on the structure reliability has not been fully investigated. Furthermore, due to the variability associated with the parameters involved in the reliability estimation of the corroded structure, this paper focuses on the effect of variability of pitting corrosion on the structure reliability. The analysis also takes into consideration the Spatial Variability (SV) of key deterioration parameters often neglected in previous studies. The authors have used their experimental data in modeling SV parameters of a specific deterioration parameter. The analysis adopted here used Monte Carlo (MC) simulation technique to construct a Spatial-Time Dependent model to estimate the girder reliability. The results showed that pitting corrosion potentially has a far more aggressive effect on the structure reliability than general corrosion and that pitting corrosion affects shear resistance far more severely than it would affect flexure resistance. The analysis showed that after 50 years of service, the reduction in the beam reliability due to pitting corrosion was 51% higher than that caused by general corrosion and that considering SV has caused the reliability predicted in terms of pitting corrosion to decrease by 12%. In the case of general corrosion, the decrease in beam reliability was only about 2% for the SV scenario.
Omran Kenshel, Mohamed Sulieman (12-2021)

إن الوظيفة العا مة بوجه عام لا تقبل الإذعان الفوري لرغبة الموظف في الاستقالة ؛ لأن هذا قد يؤدي إلي إحداث اضطراب في سير المرافق العا م ة عند استقالة الموظف ، بسبب عدم القدرة على توفير من يحل محله ، وهذا الوضع يؤ د ي إلي إيقاف المرفق العام ، وهذا ما لا يمكن تصوره في الوظيفة العامة .
آمال سالم العريفي (11-2021)

Preterm infants have a high risk of neonatal white matter injury (WMI). WMI leads to reduced myelination, inflammation, and clinical neurodevelopmental deficits for which there are no effective treatments. Ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) induced excitotoxicity contributes to oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cell loss and demyelination in brain models of neonatal and adult WMI. Here, we hypothesized that simulated ischemia (oxygen‑glucose deprivation) damages white matter via activation of iGluR signaling, and that iGluR inhibition shortly after WMI could mitigate OL loss, enhance myelination, and suppress inflammation in an ex vivo cerebellar slice model of developing WMI. Inhibition of iGluR signaling by a combined block of AMPA and NMDA receptors, shortly after simulated ischemia, restored myelination, reduced apoptotic OLs, and enhanced OL precursor cell proliferation and maturation as well as upregulated expression of transcription factors regulating OL development and remyelination. Our findings demonstrate that iGluR inhibition post‑injury alleviates OL lineage cell loss and inflammation and promotes myelination upon developing WMI. The findings may help to develop therapeutic interventions for the WMI treatment.
Mohamed A. Al-Griw, Michael G. Salter, Ian C. Wood(1-2021)

Background: Patellar luxation (PL) is a common orthopedic affection among farm and pet animals with mostly congenital (environmental and/or genetic) background. Aim: We report here the first observation of lateral PL in Hejazi goats bred in Libya. Methods: Five Hejazi goats aged between 4 months and 2 years with severe hind limb lameness were admitted to Al-Sorouh veterinary clinic in Tripoli during the period from 2016 to 2018. The goats were thoroughly examined clinically and radiographically. Two goats were surgically treated, and the other three cases were not because of either the cost limitation or expected poor prognosis. The surgical intervention involved femoral trochlear sulcoplasty, medial joint capsule imbrication, and tibial tuberosity transposition. Results: The clinical examination showed grade III–IV lateral PL. Radiologically, there were unilateral or bilateral, ventrocaudal, and dorsal PLs. Two cases were referred to surgical correction. One case almost restored the normal movement of stifle joint together with a good general status 1 year postsurgery. However, the surgical treatment was not effective in correcting the luxated patella in the second case. Conclusion: Lateral PL is common among orthopedic affections in Hejazi goats in Libya, and its surgical treatment provided a quite convenient approach. An association between inbreeding and the PL was suggested in those cases. Keywords: Clinical and radiological findings, Hejazi goat breed, Inbreeding, Patellar luxation, Surgical treatment.
Mohamed Hamrouni S. Abushhiwa, Abdulrhman Mohamed Salah Alrtib, Taher N. Elmeshreghi, Mouna Abdunnabi Abdunnabi Abdunnabi, Mansur Ennuri Moftah Shmela, Emad M R Bennour(3-2021)

تعد جريمة التهريب من الجرائم التي أصبحت تشكل ظاهرة إجرامية تواجه معظم دول العالم فهي تمثل تحدياً للنظام الاقتصادي لهذه الدول، وتهدد اقتصادها الوطني، وتزداد هذه الخطورة عندما يكون محل التهريب إحدى أهم الثروات الطبيعية في البلاد ألا وهي تهريب النفط أو أحد المشتقات النفطية والتي من بينها الوقود، ففي السنوات الأخيرة انتشرت في ليبيا عمليات تهريب الوقود بشكل لافت، حيث تقوم مجموعات التهريب بتهريب الوقود عبر حدود ليبيا البرية وكذلك البحرية من خلال تهريب الوقود من السفن الليبية إلى السفن الدولية في أعالي البحار. ونظراً لخطورة هذه الجريمة فإننا نحاول أن نسلط الضوء عليها من خلال طرح العديد من التساؤلات ومعرفة موقف المشرع الليبي منها، وهل العقوبات التي قررها المشرع كانت كافية لإنشاء رادع حقيقي لمهربي الوقود أم لا كذلك نعرض للموضوع على المستوى الدولي وما اتخذه مجلس الأمن التابع للأمم المتحدة من قرارات في إطار منع التصدير غير المشروع للنفط، والذي يشمل النفط الخام والمنتجات النفطية المكررة والتي من أهمها الوقود.
انتصار قاسم سالم الودان(11-2021)

يعتبرنظامB.O.T من الشراكات التعاقدية، التي تقوم على تقديم القطاع الخاص التمويل اللازم لبناء وتشغيل مشروع، يتعلق عادة بالبنية الأساسية، لفترة من الزمن، ثم يُعاد المشروع للدولة وهو بحالة جيدة. وتم اللجوء لنظام B.O.T بسبب عدم قدرة الدول على مجابهة أعباء تقديم الخدمات، لا سيما المتعلقة بالتكنولوجيا المتقدمة، والتي تخضع للاحتكار من قبل كبرى الشركات. كل ذلك جعل الدول تبرم عقود B.O.T لتحقيق مزايا الشراكة، والقانون الليبي لم يختلف عن الأنظمة القانونية التي سارعت لتنظيم هذا النظام التعاقدي الحديث نسبياً وسيتم دراسة هذا الموضوع، بما يطرقه من إشكاليات متعددة تتعلق بكيفية تنظيم القانون الليبي لهذا النوع من العقود؟ ومدى جاهزية القانون الليبي للتصدي لها، خاصة تلك الإشكاليات المتعلقة بتنظيم الأسعار ومستوى الخدمة ومدة المشروع وكيفية التأكد من أيلولته للدولة وهو بحالة صالحة للاستعمال.
خلود خالد بيوض (11-2021)

– Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) can play a significant role in the removal of heavy metal from contaminated solution .Aresnite ,As(III) highly toxic,mobile and predominant species in arsenic contaminated water IONPs have been synthesized, characterized and tested for the removal of As(III) from arsenic contaminated water. In this work , we synthesized IONPs using a chemical method involving dispersion of Fe3+ ions through polymer molecules of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) in aqueous medium X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of a single phase rhomobohrdral crystal structure, the size of nanoparticles was 50-100 nm. Transmission electron microscopic images corborate the result of IONPs (50-100 nm) . The adsorption of As(III),Hg(II) and Cd(II) On (IONPs) was studied using four parameters contact time, concentration, dose of IONPs and pH Adsorption equilibrium was achieved in 100 min and maximum removal of As(III) was obtained at pH (6-6.5) . The isotherm analysis indicated that the adsorption data better filted to the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacities were 101.2, 73.10 and 60.05 mg g_1 for As(III), Hg(II) and Cd(II), respectively.
ezuldeen mohammed abraheem aboushalloua(9-2021)